Hirvonen J, Rintahaka P, Lapinlampi T, Huttunen P
Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland.
Z Rechtsmed. 1989;102(5):297-304. doi: 10.1007/BF00200218.
The modifying effect of aminoguanidine (a histaminase inhibitor) and heparin (a histaminase liberator) on anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs was studied using ovalbumin as an antigen and trigger. The animals died of the shock, the time to death remaining unaltered by the drugs. Serum histamine and cortisol values were high after shock, but were reduced by heparin. Both noradrenaline and adrenaline in plasma were also elevated after shock, the final concentration of the latter being lowered by heparin. The lungs were dilated, indicating bronchoconstriction. The results confirm the role of histamine in anaphylactic shock and its potential value for the diagnosis in this kind of rapid death, in which morphological signs are scarce or lacking. Its diagnostic value still requires confirmation, however, which only autopsy studies can supply. It also appears that pretreatment of the animals with heparin affected the blood cortisol and catecholamines, which are involved in the shock mechanism as countermeasures, although aminoguanidine did not have any effect.
以卵清蛋白作为抗原和引发剂，研究了氨基胍（一种组胺酶抑制剂）和肝素（一种组胺酶释放剂）对豚鼠过敏性休克的调节作用。动物死于休克，药物并未改变其死亡时间。休克后血清组胺和皮质醇值升高，但肝素可使其降低。休克后血浆中的去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素也均升高，而肝素可降低后者的最终浓度。肺部扩张，表明存在支气管收缩。结果证实了组胺在过敏性休克中的作用及其在这种缺乏或几乎没有形态学体征的快速死亡诊断中的潜在价值。然而，其诊断价值仍需证实，而这只有尸检研究才能提供。似乎用肝素对动物进行预处理会影响血液中的皮质醇和儿茶酚胺，它们作为应对措施参与休克机制，尽管氨基胍没有任何作用。
