Almeida Santimano Nerissa Ml, Foxcroft David R
Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Marston Campus, Oxford OX3 0FL, UK.
Perspect Public Health. 2017 Mar;137(2):109-113. doi: 10.1177/1757913916650917. Epub 2016 Jul 20.
We assessed antibiotic knowledge and practice among youth in India, where antibiotics are widely available without prescription.
Randomly selected school questionnaire survey representing four regions in Goa, India, with students ( n = 773) aged 16-17.
Most students (67%) were unaware of the problem of antibiotic resistance, with around half (49%) mistakenly thinking that bacteria cause cold or flu. Around one-fifth (19%) said they frequently self-medicate with antibiotics, 57% would discontinue antibiotics when symptoms alleviated and 24% stored unused antibiotics at home. Generalised linear mixed models (GLMM) showed that females consistently had poorer antibiotic knowledge than males. Especially notable were the higher odds in females for reporting incorrectly that antibiotics kill harmful viruses (odds ratio (OR) = 1.93; 99.5% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09-3.41) and for reporting incorrectly that antibiotics do not kill harmless bacteria (OR = 2.02; 99.5% CI = 1.16-3.51). Poor antibiotic practice was not clearly differentiated between males and females. In terms of poor antibiotic practice, one model showed notable results for educational stream: both arts and commerce students were more likely than science students to say they would discontinue antibiotics when symptoms alleviated and before the antibiotic course of treatment was finished (arts: OR = 2.76; 99.5% CI = 1.58-4.82 and commerce: OR = 1.79; 99.5% CI = 1.06-3.04).
Young adults in India had poor antibiotic knowledge and practice. Efforts to improve antibiotic health knowledge and safe practice are required to help prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance.
我们评估了印度青少年的抗生素知识与使用情况，在印度抗生素无需处方即可广泛获取。
对印度果阿邦四个地区随机抽取的16至17岁学生（n = 773）进行学校问卷调查。
大多数学生（67%）未意识到抗生素耐药性问题，约一半（49%）错误地认为细菌会导致感冒或流感。约五分之一（19%）的学生表示他们经常自行服用抗生素，57%的学生在症状缓解后会停止使用抗生素，24%的学生在家中储存未使用的抗生素。广义线性混合模型（GLMM）显示，女性的抗生素知识始终比男性差。特别值得注意的是，女性错误报告抗生素能杀死有害病毒的几率更高（优势比（OR）= 1.93；99.5%置信区间（CI）= 1.09 - 3.41），以及错误报告抗生素不会杀死无害细菌的几率更高（OR = 2.02；99.5% CI = 1.16 - 3.51）。男性和女性在不良抗生素使用行为方面没有明显差异。在不良抗生素使用行为方面，一个模型显示教育类别有显著结果：文科和商科学生比理科学生更有可能表示在症状缓解后且在抗生素疗程结束前就停止使用抗生素（文科：OR = 2.76；99.5% CI = 1.58 - 4.82，商科：OR = 1.79；99.5% CI = 1.06 - 3.04）。
印度的年轻人抗生素知识和使用情况较差。需要努力提高抗生素健康知识和安全使用行为，以帮助预防抗生素耐药性的传播。
