Ellis Ronald E
Department of Molecular Biology, Rowan University SOM, Stratford, New Jersey.
Mol Reprod Dev. 2017 Feb;84(2):144-157. doi: 10.1002/mrd.22668. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
Self-fertility has evolved many times in nematodes. This transition often produces an androdioecious species, with XX hermaphrodites and XO males. Although these hermaphrodites resemble females in most respects, early germ cells differentiate as sperm, and late ones as oocytes. The sperm then receive an activation signal, populate the spermathecae, and are stored for later use in self-fertilization. These traits are controlled by complex modifications to the sex-determination and sperm activation pathways, which have arisen independently during the evolution of each hermaphroditic species. This transformation in reproductive strategy then promotes other major changes in the development, evolution, and population structure of these animals. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 84: 144-157, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
线虫多次进化出了自体受精能力。这种转变通常会产生雄雌同体的物种，即具有XX染色体的雌雄同体和XO染色体的雄性。尽管这些雌雄同体在大多数方面与雌性相似，但早期生殖细胞分化为精子，晚期生殖细胞分化为卵母细胞。然后精子会接收激活信号，进入受精囊，并被储存起来供以后自体受精使用。这些特征受性别决定和精子激活途径复杂修饰的控制，这些修饰在每个雌雄同体物种的进化过程中是独立出现的。这种生殖策略的转变进而推动了这些动物在发育、进化和种群结构方面的其他重大变化。《分子生殖与发育》84卷：144 - 157页，2017年。© 2016威利期刊公司。
