Ryan Deirdre D
Pediatr Ann. 2016 Jun 1;45(6):e209-13. doi: 10.3928/00904481-20160427-01.
A variety of traumatic and infectious processes can cause acute onset of hip pain and difficulty walking. Without a history of trauma, a common cause is transient (or "toxic") synovitis, but serious infectious causes, such as septic arthritis of the hip or osteomyelitis, must be ruled out. Differentiating between septic arthritis of the hip (a true emergency) and transient synovitis of the hip (a much more benign inflammatory process) can be difficult. The Kocher criteria have proven to be helpful in making the distinction between these two conditions, and they are reviewed in this article. In addition, imaging studies, especially hip ultrasound, are extremely helpful in the evaluation of the painful hip. [Pediatr Ann. 2016;45(6):e209-e213.].
多种创伤和感染性疾病可导致急性髋部疼痛和行走困难。若无创伤史，常见病因是暂时性（或“中毒性”）滑膜炎，但必须排除严重的感染性病因，如髋关节化脓性关节炎或骨髓炎。区分髋关节化脓性关节炎（一种真正的急症）和髋关节暂时性滑膜炎（一种良性得多的炎症过程）可能很困难。科赫尔标准已被证明有助于区分这两种情况，本文将对其进行综述。此外，影像学检查，尤其是髋部超声，对评估疼痛性髋关节非常有帮助。[《儿科年鉴》。2016年；45(6):e209 - e213。]
