Moreira Pedro Vieira Sarmet, Goethel Márcio Fagundes, Gonçalves Mauro
Laboratory of Biomechanics, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Fluminense Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology (IFF), Macaé, RJ, Brazil.
Laboratory of Biomechanics, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2016 Oct;30:55-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2016.06.001. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
With the aim of comparing kinematic and neuromuscular parameters of Bandal Chagui kicks between 7 elite and 7 subelite taekwondo athletes, nine Bandal Chaguis were performed at maximal effort in a selective reaction time design, simulating the frequency of kicks observed in taekwondo competitions. Linear and angular leg velocities were recorded through 3D motion capture system. Ground reaction forces (GRF) were evaluated by a force platform, and surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals were evaluated in the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, tensor fasciae lata, adductor magnus, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles of the kicking leg. sEMG data were processed to obtain the cocontraction indices (CI) of antagonist vs. overall (agonist and antagonist) muscle activity. CI was measured for the hip and knee, in flexion and extension, and for hip abduction. Premotor, reaction (kinetic and kinematic), and kicking times were evaluated. Timing parameters, except kinetic reaction time, were faster in elite athletes. Furthermore, CI and angular velocity during knee extension, foot and knee linear velocity, and horizontal GRF were significantly higher in elite than in subelite athletes. In conclusion, selected biomechanical parameters of Bandal Chagui appear to be useful in controlling the training status of the kick and in orienting the training goal of black belt competitors.
为比较7名精英跆拳道运动员和7名非精英跆拳道运动员横踢的运动学和神经肌肉参数，在选择性反应时间设计中以最大努力进行了9次横踢，模拟跆拳道比赛中观察到的踢腿频率。通过三维运动捕捉系统记录腿部的线性和角向速度。通过测力平台评估地面反作用力（GRF），并在踢腿侧的股外侧肌、股二头肌、股直肌、阔筋膜张肌、大收肌、臀大肌、臀中肌和腓骨外侧肌中评估表面肌电图（sEMG）信号。对sEMG数据进行处理，以获得拮抗肌与整体（主动肌和拮抗肌）肌肉活动的共同收缩指数（CI）。测量髋关节和膝关节在屈伸以及髋关节外展时的CI。评估运动前、反应（动力学和运动学）以及踢腿时间。除动力学反应时间外，精英运动员的计时参数更快。此外，精英运动员膝关节伸展期间的CI和角速度、足部和膝关节的线性速度以及水平GRF显著高于非精英运动员。总之，横踢的选定生物力学参数似乎有助于控制踢腿的训练状态，并为黑带选手的训练目标提供指导。
