de Montigny C
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989 Jun;46(6):511-7. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810060031006.
A total of 31 intravenous injections of the tetrapeptide cholecystokinin (30-33) were carried out in ten healthy subjects. In seven subjects, cholecystokinin-4 provoked a short-lasting (one to four minutes) panic-like attack (an intense unexplainable fear) at doses between 20 and 100 micrograms. In the other three subjects, doses of 80 to 100 micrograms induced severe anxiety, but no panic-like attack. All subjects experienced severe gastrointestinal symptoms. Pretreatment with lorazepam, but not with meprobamate or naloxone, prevented the psychic effects of cholecystokinin-4 in subjects who had experienced a panic-like attack with the same dose of this peptide. Following the peptide injection, levels of plasma free catecholamines, lactate, and glucose were unchanged, whereas levels of plasma cortisol and prolactin were increased. The intravenous injection of the sulfated cholecystokinin octapeptide (26-33) in two subjects (doses of 35 and 40 micrograms, respectively) produced severe gastrointestinal symptoms, but failed to induce any anxiety or panic-like attacks. These preliminary findings suggest that cholecystokinin-4 may have a panic-inducing effect. It remains to be established if this peptide exerts this effect via a direct activation of central cholecystokinin receptors.
对10名健康受试者进行了总共31次四肽胆囊收缩素（30 - 33）的静脉注射。在7名受试者中，胆囊收缩素 - 4在20至100微克的剂量下引发了持续时间较短（1至4分钟）的惊恐样发作（一种强烈的无法解释的恐惧）。在另外3名受试者中，80至100微克的剂量诱发了严重焦虑，但没有惊恐样发作。所有受试者都出现了严重的胃肠道症状。用劳拉西泮预处理，但用甲丙氨酯或纳洛酮预处理则不能预防胆囊收缩素 - 4在那些用相同剂量该肽出现过惊恐样发作的受试者中的精神效应。注射该肽后，血浆游离儿茶酚胺、乳酸和葡萄糖水平未变，而血浆皮质醇和催乳素水平升高。对两名受试者分别静脉注射硫酸化胆囊收缩素八肽（26 - 33）（剂量分别为35和40微克）产生了严重的胃肠道症状，但未能诱发任何焦虑或惊恐样发作。这些初步发现表明胆囊收缩素 - 4可能具有诱发惊恐的作用。该肽是否通过直接激活中枢胆囊收缩素受体发挥这种作用仍有待确定。
