提高最低工资对婴儿死亡率和出生体重的影响。
The Effect of an Increased Minimum Wage on Infant Mortality and Birth Weight.
作者信息
Komro Kelli A, Livingston Melvin D, Markowitz Sara, Wagenaar Alexander C
机构信息
Kelli A. Komro is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Melvin D. Livingston is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health Sciences Center, University of North Texas, Fort Worth. Sara Markowitz is with the Department of Economics, Emory University. Alexander C. Wagenaar is with the Institute for Child Health Policy, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2016 Aug;106(8):1514-6. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303268. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the effects of state minimum wage laws on low birth weight and infant mortality in the United States.
METHODS
We estimated the effects of state-level minimum wage laws using a difference-in-differences approach on rates of low birth weight (< 2500 g) and postneonatal mortality (28-364 days) by state and month from 1980 through 2011. All models included state and year fixed effects as well as state-specific covariates.
RESULTS
Across all models, a dollar increase in the minimum wage above the federal level was associated with a 1% to 2% decrease in low birth weight births and a 4% decrease in postneonatal mortality.
CONCLUSIONS
If all states in 2014 had increased their minimum wages by 1 dollar, there would likely have been 2790 fewer low birth weight births and 518 fewer postneonatal deaths for the year.
目的
研究美国各州最低工资法对低出生体重和婴儿死亡率的影响。
方法
我们采用差分法，对1980年至2011年各州按月统计的低出生体重（<2500克）率和新生儿后期死亡率（28 - 364天），估算各州最低工资法的影响。所有模型均纳入了州和年份固定效应以及各州特定的协变量。
结果
在所有模型中，最低工资高于联邦水平每增加1美元，低出生体重儿出生率会降低1%至2%，新生儿后期死亡率会降低4%。
结论
如果2014年所有州将最低工资提高1美元，当年低出生体重儿出生数可能会减少2790例，新生儿后期死亡数可能会减少518例。
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