Aguillon R, Blader P, Batut J
Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD, UMR5547), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
Methods Cell Biol. 2016;134:33-67. doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2016.01.002. Epub 2016 Feb 28.
Peripheral sensory organs and ganglia found in the vertebrate head arise during embryonic development from distinct ectodermal thickenings, called cranial sensory placodes (adenohypophyseal, olfactory, lens, trigeminal, epibranchial, and otic). A series of patterning events leads to the establishment of these placodes. Subsequently, these placodes undergo specific morphogenetic movements and cell-type specification in order to shape the final placodal derivatives and to produce differentiated cell types necessary for their function. In this chapter, we will focus on recent studies in the zebrafish that have advanced our understanding of cranial sensory placode development. We will summarize the signaling events and their molecular effectors guiding the formation of the so-called preplacodal region, and the subsequent subdivision of this region along the anteroposterior axis that gives rise to specific placode identities as well as those controlling morphogenesis and neurogenesis. Finally, we will highlight the approaches used in zebrafish that have been established to precisely label cell populations, to follow their development, and/or to characterize cell fates within a specific placode.
脊椎动物头部的外周感觉器官和神经节在胚胎发育过程中由不同的外胚层增厚形成，这些增厚部分称为颅感觉基板（腺垂体、嗅觉、晶状体、三叉神经、鳃上、耳）。一系列模式形成事件导致这些基板的建立。随后，这些基板经历特定的形态发生运动和细胞类型特化，以塑造最终的基板衍生物并产生其功能所需的分化细胞类型。在本章中，我们将重点介绍斑马鱼的最新研究，这些研究增进了我们对颅感觉基板发育的理解。我们将总结指导所谓前基板区域形成的信号传导事件及其分子效应器，以及该区域沿前后轴的后续细分，这产生了特定的基板身份以及控制形态发生和神经发生的那些事件。最后，我们将强调斑马鱼中已建立的用于精确标记细胞群体、追踪其发育和/或表征特定基板内细胞命运的方法。
