Sperstad Jorun Bakken, Tennfjord Merete Kolberg, Hilde Gunvor, Ellström-Engh Marie, Bø Kari
Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
Br J Sports Med. 2016 Sep;50(17):1092-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096065. Epub 2016 Jun 20.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is defined as a separation of the 2 muscle bellies of rectus abdominis. To date there is scant knowledge on prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of the condition. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of DRA during pregnancy and post partum, presence of possible risk factors, and the occurrence of lumbopelvic pain among women with and without DRA.
This prospective cohort study followed 300 first-time pregnant women from pregnancy till 12 months post partum. Data were collected by electronic questionnaire and clinical examinations. DRA was defined as a palpated separation of ≥2 fingerbreadths either 4.5 cm above, at or 4.5 cm below the umbilicus. Women with and without DRA were compared with independent samples Student's t-test and χ(2)/Fisher exact test, and OR with significance level >0.05.
Prevalence of DRA was 33.1%, 60.0%, 45.4%, and 32.6% at gestation week 21, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months post partum, respectively. No difference in risk factors was found when comparing women with and without DRA. OR showed a greater likelihood for DRA among women reporting heavy lifting ≥20 times weekly (OR 2.18 95% CI 1.05 to 4.52). There was no difference in reported lumbopelvic pain (p=0.10) in women with and without DRA.
Prevalence of mild DRA was high both during pregnancy and after childbirth. Women with and without DRA reported the same amount of lumbopelvic pain 12 months post partum.
背景/目的：腹直肌分离（DRA）被定义为腹直肌的两个肌腹分离。迄今为止，关于该病的患病率、危险因素和后果的了解甚少。本研究旨在调查孕期和产后DRA的患病率、可能的危险因素以及有无DRA的女性中腰骨盆疼痛的发生率。
这项前瞻性队列研究跟踪了300名初产妇，从孕期直至产后12个月。通过电子问卷和临床检查收集数据。DRA被定义为在脐上4.5厘米、脐部或脐下4.5厘米处触诊到的分离≥2指宽。对有无DRA的女性进行独立样本t检验和χ²/费舍尔精确检验比较，OR的显著性水平>0.05。
在妊娠第21周、产后6周、6个月和12个月时，DRA的患病率分别为33.1%、60.0%、45.4%和32.6%。比较有无DRA的女性时，未发现危险因素有差异。OR显示，每周搬运重物≥20次的女性发生DRA的可能性更大（OR 2.18，95%可信区间1.05至4.52）。有无DRA的女性报告的腰骨盆疼痛无差异（p=0.10）。
轻度DRA在孕期和产后的患病率都很高。有无DRA的女性在产后12个月报告的腰骨盆疼痛量相同。
