Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 2016 Sep;129(9):1769-74. doi: 10.1007/s00122-016-2738-7. Epub 2016 Jun 20.
By removing the Rf (multi) locus from chromosome 1BS of wheat via chromosome engineering we were able to generate a resource for the production of male sterile wheats in three new cytoplasms. Cytoplasmic male sterility is an essential component in the development of many hybrid crops. In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) only the cytoplasm of T. timopheevi cytoplasm has been extensively tested even though many other cytoplasms are also known to produce male sterility. Among them are the cytoplasms of Ae. kotschyi, Ae. uniaristata and Ae. mutica but here male sterility manifests itself only when the 1RS.1BL rye-wheat translocation is present in the nuclear genome. The location of the male fertility restoring gene on the chromosome arm 1BS (Rf (multi) ) has recently been determined using a set of primary recombinants of chromosome arms 1RS with 1BS. Using this knowledge the same recombinants were used to create chromosome arm 1BS in wheat with a small insert from rye that removes the restorer locus. The disomic engineered chromosome 1B1:6 assures male sterility in all three cytoplasms and any standard chromosome 1B in wheat is capable of restoring it. This newly engineered chromosome in combination with the three cytoplasms of Aegilops sp extends the range of possibilities in attempts to create a viable system for hybrid wheat production.
通过染色体工程从小麦 1BS 染色体上去除 Rf(multi) 基因座，我们成功地在三种新细胞质中产生了雄性不育小麦的资源。细胞质雄性不育是许多杂交作物发展的重要组成部分。在小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）中，尽管还有许多其他细胞质也被认为能产生雄性不育，但只有 T. timopheevi 细胞质被广泛测试。其中包括 Ae. kotschyi、Ae. uniaristata 和 Ae. mutica 细胞质，但只有当核基因组中存在 1RS.1BL 黑麦-小麦易位时，才会表现出雄性不育。使用一组带有 1RS 的 1BS 的初级重组体，最近已经确定了位于染色体臂 1BS（Rf(multi)）上的雄性育性恢复基因的位置。利用这一知识，相同的重组体被用于在小麦中创建带有来自黑麦小插入物的 1BS 染色体臂，该插入物去除了恢复基因座。二体工程化的 1B1:6 染色体臂在三种细胞质中都确保了雄性不育，任何标准的小麦 1B 染色体都能够恢复它。这个新的工程化染色体与三种 Aegilops sp 细胞质相结合，扩展了尝试创建杂交小麦生产可行系统的可能性范围。
