Hinault Thomas, Lemaire Patrick, Touron Dayna
a Aix-Marseille University, CNRS , Marseille , France.
b Aix-Marseille University, CNRS & IUF , Marseille , France.
Memory. 2017 May;25(5):619-625. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2016.1200626. Epub 2016 Jun 21.
The present study investigated whether people can combine two memory strategies to encode pairs of words more efficiently than with a single strategy, and age-related differences in such strategy combination. Young and older adults were asked to encode pairs of words (e.g., satellite-tunnel). For each item, participants were told to use either the interactive-imagery strategy (e.g., mentally visualising the two words and making them interact), the sentence-generation strategy (i.e., generate a sentence linking the two words), or with strategy combination (i.e., generating a sentence while mentally visualising it). Participants obtained better recall performance on items encoded with strategy combination than on items encoded with interactive-imagery or sentence-generation strategies. Moreover, we found age-related decline in such strategy combination. These findings have important implications to further our understanding of execution of memory strategies, and suggest that strategy combination occurs in a variety of cognitive domains.
本研究调查了人们是否能够结合两种记忆策略来比单一策略更高效地对单词对进行编码，以及这种策略组合中与年龄相关的差异。年轻和年长的成年人被要求对单词对（例如，卫星-隧道）进行编码。对于每个项目，参与者被告知使用交互式意象策略（例如，在脑海中想象这两个单词并使它们相互作用）、句子生成策略（即生成一个连接这两个单词的句子），或者策略组合（即在脑海中想象句子的同时生成句子）。与使用交互式意象或句子生成策略编码的项目相比，参与者在使用策略组合编码的项目上获得了更好的回忆表现。此外，我们发现这种策略组合存在与年龄相关的衰退。这些发现对于深化我们对记忆策略执行的理解具有重要意义，并表明策略组合发生在多种认知领域。
