Wang Yajie, Shi Yunbo, Yu Xiaoyu, Liu Yongjie
The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Measuring & Control Technology and Instrumentations of Heilongjiang Province, School of Measurement-Control Technology and Communications Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China.
PLoS One. 2016 Jun 21;11(6):e0156858. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156858. eCollection 2016.
Currently, tracking in photovoltaic (PV) systems suffers from some problems such as high energy consumption, poor anti-interference performance, and large tracking errors. This paper presents a solar PV tracking system on the basis of an improved perturbation and observation method, which maximizes photoelectric conversion efficiency. According to the projection principle, we design a sensor module with a light-intensity-detection module for environmental light-intensity measurement. The effect of environmental factors on the system operation is reduced, and intelligent identification of the weather is realized. This system adopts the discrete-type tracking method to reduce power consumption. A mechanical structure with a level-pitch double-degree-of-freedom is designed, and attitude correction is performed by closed-loop control. A worm-and-gear mechanism is added, and the reliability, stability, and precision of the system are improved. Finally, the perturbation and observation method designed and improved by this study was tested by simulated experiments. The experiments verified that the photoelectric sensor resolution can reach 0.344°, the tracking error is less than 2.5°, the largest improvement in the charge efficiency can reach 44.5%, and the system steadily and reliably works.
目前，光伏（PV）系统中的跟踪存在一些问题，如高能耗、抗干扰性能差和跟踪误差大等。本文提出了一种基于改进的扰动观察法的太阳能光伏跟踪系统，该系统可使光电转换效率最大化。根据投影原理，我们设计了一种带有光强检测模块的传感器模块，用于环境光强测量。降低了环境因素对系统运行的影响，并实现了天气的智能识别。该系统采用离散型跟踪方法来降低功耗。设计了一种具有水平-俯仰双自由度的机械结构，并通过闭环控制进行姿态校正。增加了蜗轮蜗杆机构，提高了系统的可靠性、稳定性和精度。最后，通过模拟实验对本研究设计并改进的扰动观察法进行了测试。实验验证了光电传感器分辨率可达0.344°，跟踪误差小于2.5°，充电效率最大提高可达44.5%，且系统稳定可靠运行。
