Bartle Janette
Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, England.
Nurs Stand. 2016 Jun 22;30(43):48-53. doi: 10.7748/ns.2016.e9220.
Hay fever, or seasonal allergic rhinitis, is a common condition that affects one in four people in the UK. It is characterised by cold-like symptoms that may include a runny nose, itchy eyes, sneezing and nasal congestion or blockage. Patient education is important in improving patient concordance with treatment regimens and effectively managing hay fever symptoms, and may include advice on ways to avoid pollen. Encouraging patients to start treatment in advance of pollen dispersal, before they experience symptoms, enables optimum management of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Adjunctive treatment, using a nasal douche before applying a nasal corticosteroid spray, is recommended as an aid to nasal hygiene, to improve the efficacy of medication and to reduce allergic inflammation. Often a nasal corticosteroid spray is applied using an incorrect technique, rendering it ineffective. It is important for patients to understand how a nasal corticosteroid spray works and the need for continuous daily treatment using a correct application technique for maximum efficacy of the medication delivered. Standard operating procedures have been developed to demonstrate the effective technique for applying a nasal spray and to improve patients' understanding of the recommended nasal douching treatment.
花粉热,即季节性变应性鼻炎,是一种常见病症,在英国每四个人中就有一人受其影响。其特征为类似感冒的症状,可能包括流鼻涕、眼睛发痒、打喷嚏以及鼻充血或鼻塞。患者教育对于提高患者对治疗方案的依从性以及有效管理花粉热症状至关重要,可能包括关于避免接触花粉方法的建议。鼓励患者在花粉散播之前、出现症状之前就开始治疗,能够实现对季节性变应性鼻炎的最佳管理。建议在使用鼻用皮质类固醇喷雾剂之前采用鼻腔冲洗作为辅助治疗,以促进鼻腔卫生、提高药物疗效并减轻变应性炎症。通常,鼻用皮质类固醇喷雾剂的使用技术不正确,导致其无效。患者了解鼻用皮质类固醇喷雾剂的作用原理以及使用正确的给药技术进行每日持续治疗以实现所递送药物的最大疗效的必要性非常重要。已经制定了标准操作程序来演示使用鼻喷雾剂的有效技术,并增进患者对推荐的鼻腔冲洗治疗的理解。