Happyana Nizar, Kayser Oliver
Department of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
Planta Med. 2016 Aug;82(13):1217-23. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-108058. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
Cannabis sativa trichomes are glandular structures predominantly responsible for the biosynthesis of cannabinoids, the biologically active compounds unique to this plant. To the best of our knowledge, most metabolomic works on C. sativa that have been reported previously focused their investigations on the flowers and leaves of this plant. In this study, (1)H NMR-based metabolomics and real-time PCR analysis were applied for monitoring the metabolite profiles of C. sativa trichomes, variety Bediol, during the last 4 weeks of the flowering period. Partial least squares discriminant analysis models successfully classified metabolites of the trichomes based on the harvest time. Δ (9)-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (1) and cannabidiolic acid (2) constituted the vital differential components of the organic preparations, while asparagine, glutamine, fructose, and glucose proved to be their water-extracted counterparts. According to RT-PCR analysis, gene expression levels of olivetol synthase and olivetolic acid cyclase influenced the accumulation of cannabinoids in the Cannabis trichomes during the monitoring time. Moreover, quantitative (1)H NMR and RT-PCR analysis of the Cannabis trichomes suggested that the gene regulation of cannabinoid biosynthesis in the C. sativa variety Bediol is unique when compared with other C. sativa varieties.
大麻腺毛是主要负责大麻素生物合成的腺状结构，大麻素是这种植物特有的生物活性化合物。据我们所知，此前报道的大多数关于大麻的代谢组学研究都集中在该植物的花和叶上。在本研究中，基于氢核磁共振（¹H NMR）的代谢组学和实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析被用于监测开花期最后4周的大麻品种Bediol腺毛的代谢物谱。偏最小二乘判别分析模型根据收获时间成功地对腺毛的代谢物进行了分类。Δ⁹-四氢大麻酚酸（1）和大麻二酚酸（2）构成了有机制剂的重要差异成分，而天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、果糖和葡萄糖则是其水提取物中的对应成分。根据逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）分析，橄榄醇合酶和橄榄酸环化酶的基因表达水平在监测期间影响了大麻腺毛中大麻素的积累。此外，对大麻腺毛的定量¹H NMR和RT-PCR分析表明，与其他大麻品种相比，Bediol品种大麻中大麻素生物合成的基因调控具有独特性。
