Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
Nature. 2016 Jun 23;534(7608):487-93. doi: 10.1038/nature18011.
Just as quantum electrodynamics describes how electrons are bound in atoms by the electromagnetic force, mediated by the exchange of photons, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) describes how quarks are bound inside hadrons by the strong force, mediated by the exchange of gluons. QCD seems to allow hadrons constructed from increasingly many quarks to exist, just as atoms with increasing numbers of electrons exist, yet such complex constructions seemed, until recently, not to be present in nature. Here we describe advances in the spectroscopy of mesons that are refining our understanding of the rules for predicting hadron structure from QCD.
正如量子电动力学描述了电子如何通过电磁力束缚在原子中，这种力通过光子的交换来传递，量子色动力学（QCD）描述了夸克如何通过强相互作用束缚在强子中，这种相互作用通过胶子的交换来传递。QCD 似乎允许由越来越多的夸克构成的强子存在，就像具有越来越多电子的原子存在一样，但直到最近，这种复杂的结构似乎并不存在于自然界中。在这里，我们描述了介子光谱学的进展，这些进展正在完善我们对从 QCD 预测强子结构规则的理解。
