National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Trends Cell Biol. 2016 Dec;26(12):934-943. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2016.06.002. Epub 2016 Jun 21.
In eukaryotic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is constructed as a network of tubules and sheets that exist in one continuous membrane system. Several classes of integral membrane protein have been shown to shape ER membranes. Functional studies using mutant proteins have begun to reveal the significance of ER morphology and membrane dynamics. In this review, we discuss the common protein modules and mechanisms that generate the characteristic shape of the ER. We also describe the cellular functions closely related to ER morphology, particularly contacts with other membrane systems, and their potential roles in the development of multicellular organisms.
在真核细胞中，内质网（ER）是由管状和片状结构构成的网络，存在于一个连续的膜系统中。已经证明，几类整合膜蛋白可以塑造 ER 膜。使用突变蛋白的功能研究已经开始揭示 ER 形态和膜动力学的重要性。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了产生 ER 特征形状的常见蛋白模块和机制。我们还描述了与 ER 形态密切相关的细胞功能，特别是与其他膜系统的接触，以及它们在多细胞生物发育中的潜在作用。
