Mondadori C, Ducret T, Borkowski J
Pharmaceutical Research Department, CIBA-GEIGY Limited, Basle, Switzerland.
Behav Brain Res. 1989 May 1;33(1):79-82. doi: 10.1016/s0166-4328(89)80020-8.
The effects of the nootropic agent piracetam and its congeners oxiracetam, pramiracetam and aniracetam on the retention performance of mice in a passive-avoidance situation are dependent on the intensity of the foot-shock applied. This phenomenon is observed upon both pre-trial and post-trial drug administration.