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导致丘吉尔、罗斯福和斯大林去世的中风。

The strokes that killed Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin.

作者信息

Ali Rohaid, Connolly Ian D, Li Amy, Choudhri Omar A, Pendharkar Arjun V, Steinberg Gary K

机构信息

Department of Neurosurgery and Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

出版信息

Neurosurg Focus. 2016 Jul;41(1):E7. doi: 10.3171/2016.4.FOCUS1575.

Abstract

From February 4 to 11, 1945, President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the United States, Soviet Union Premier Joseph Stalin, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill met near Yalta in Crimea to discuss how post-World War II (WWII) Europe should be organized. Within 2 decades of this conference, all 3 men had died. President Roosevelt died 2 months after the Yalta Conference due to a hemorrhagic stroke. Premier Stalin died 8 years later, also due to a hemorrhagic stroke. Finally, Prime Minister Churchill died 20 years after the conference because of complications due to stroke. At the time of Yalta, these 3 men were the leaders of the most powerful countries in the world. The subsequent deterioration of their health and eventual death had varying degrees of historical significance. Churchill's illness forced him to resign as British prime minister, and the events that unfolded immediately after his resignation included Britain's mismanagement of the Egyptian Suez Crisis and also a period of mistrust with the United States. Furthermore, Roosevelt was still president and Stalin was still premier at their times of passing, so their deaths carried huge political ramifications not only for their respective countries but also for international relations. The early death of Roosevelt, in particular, may have exacerbated post-WWII miscommunication between America and the Soviet Union-miscommunication that may have helped precipitate the Cold War.

摘要

1945年2月4日至11日,美国总统富兰克林·D·罗斯福、苏联部长会议主席约瑟夫·斯大林和英国首相温斯顿·丘吉尔在克里米亚的雅尔塔附近会面,讨论二战后的欧洲应如何组织。在这次会议后的20年内,这三人都去世了。罗斯福总统在雅尔塔会议两个月后因出血性中风去世。斯大林部长会议主席8年后也因出血性中风去世。最后,丘吉尔首相在会议20年后因中风并发症去世。在雅尔塔会议召开时,这三人是世界上最强大国家的领导人。他们随后健康状况的恶化和最终的死亡具有不同程度的历史意义。丘吉尔的疾病迫使他辞去英国首相职务,而他辞职后立即发生的事件包括英国对埃及苏伊士危机的管理不善以及与美国的一段不信任时期。此外,罗斯福去世时仍是总统,斯大林去世时仍是部长会议主席,因此他们的死亡不仅对各自国家,而且对国际关系都产生了巨大的政治影响。尤其是罗斯福的早逝,可能加剧了二战后美国和苏联之间的沟通不畅——这种沟通不畅可能有助于引发冷战。

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