Girón Andrea, Saiz Hugo, Bacelar Flora S, Andrade Roberto F S, Gómez-Gardeñes Jesús
Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
UMR CNRS 6553 Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution, University of Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Chaos. 2016 Jun;26(6):065302. doi: 10.1063/1.4952960.
Network science has helped to understand the organization principles of the interactions among the constituents of large complex systems. However, recently, the high resolution of the data sets collected has allowed to capture the different types of interactions coexisting within the same system. A particularly important example is that of systems with positive and negative interactions, a usual feature appearing in social, neural, and ecological systems. The interplay of links of opposite sign presents natural difficulties for generalizing typical concepts and tools applied to unsigned networks and, moreover, poses some questions intrinsic to the signed nature of the network, such as how are negative interactions balanced by positive ones so to allow the coexistence and survival of competitors/foes within the same system? Here, we show that synchronization phenomenon is an ideal benchmark for uncovering such balance and, as a byproduct, to assess which nodes play a critical role in the overall organization of the system. We illustrate our findings with the analysis of synthetic and real ecological networks in which facilitation and competitive interactions coexist.
网络科学有助于理解大型复杂系统各组成部分之间相互作用的组织原则。然而，最近，所收集数据集的高分辨率使得能够捕捉同一系统内共存的不同类型的相互作用。一个特别重要的例子是具有正负相互作用的系统，这是社会、神经和生态系统中常见的特征。正负符号链路的相互作用给应用于无符号网络的典型概念和工具的推广带来了自然的困难，而且还提出了一些网络符号性质所固有的问题，比如负相互作用是如何被正相互作用平衡的，从而使得竞争者/对手能够在同一系统中共存并生存？在这里，我们表明同步现象是揭示这种平衡的理想基准，并且作为副产品，可以评估哪些节点在系统的整体组织中发挥关键作用。我们通过分析促进作用和竞争相互作用共存的合成生态网络和真实生态网络来说明我们的发现。
