Kolchinskaia A Z, Beloshitskiĭ P V, Monogarov V D, Pivnutel' R V, Radzievskiĭ P A
Fiziol Zh (1978). 1989 May-Jun;35(3):68-74.
It is shown that high-trained Alpinists retain relatively high working capacity under conditions of extremely low piO2. Maximal oxygen uptake with extremely low piO2 decreases in high-trained Alpinists less than the working capacity which under conditions of extremely low piO2, is, mainly, limited by decreased potentiality to utilize oxygen by cardiac and skeletal muscles because of paO2 and pvO2 fall below critical values. Low paO2 promotes a decrease in the rate of oxygen diffusion from blood of capillaries into cells, fall of oxygen tension in tissues and lowering of the oxidative processes' rate. Changes in the working capacity of high-trained Alpinists under conditions of extremely low piO2 depend on individual peculiarities of the organism, alpinist length of training which promote high reactivity of the respiration in response to low piO2, economization of the respiration function, development of adaptation mechanisms to low pO2 in the cerebral tissues, skeletal muscles and heart.
结果表明，训练有素的登山运动员在极低动脉血氧分压（piO2）条件下仍能保持较高的工作能力。在极低piO2情况下，训练有素的登山运动员的最大摄氧量下降幅度小于工作能力的下降幅度，在极低piO2条件下，工作能力主要受限于心肌和骨骼肌利用氧气的能力下降，这是由于动脉血氧分压（paO2）和静脉血氧分压（pvO2）降至临界值以下所致。低paO2会促使氧气从毛细血管血液扩散到细胞中的速率降低，组织中的氧张力下降以及氧化过程速率降低。训练有素的登山运动员在极低piO2条件下工作能力的变化取决于机体的个体特性、登山运动员的训练时长，训练时长可促进呼吸对低piO2的高反应性、呼吸功能的节约化、脑组织、骨骼肌和心脏对低氧分压（pO2）适应机制的发展。
