Khan Shahriar M, Sung Jennifer Y, Hébert Terence E
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Pharmacol Res. 2016 Sep;111:434-441. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.026. Epub 2016 Jul 1.
Gβγ subunits play key roles in modulation of canonical effectors in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-dependent signalling at the cell surface. However, a number of recent studies of Gβγ function have revealed that they regulate a large number of molecules at distinct subcellular sites. These novel, non-canonical Gβγ roles have reshaped our understanding of how important Gβγ signalling is compared to our original notion of Gβγ subunits as simple negative regulators of Gα subunits. Gβγ dimers have now been identified as regulators of transcription, anterograde and retrograde trafficking and modulators of second messenger molecule generation in intracellular organelles. Here, we review some recent advances in our understanding of these novel non-canonical roles of Gβγ.
Gβγ亚基在细胞表面G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）依赖性信号传导中对经典效应器的调节起着关键作用。然而，最近一些关于Gβγ功能的研究表明，它们在不同的亚细胞位点调节大量分子。这些新的、非经典的Gβγ作用重塑了我们对Gβγ信号传导重要性的理解，与我们最初认为Gβγ亚基是Gα亚基的简单负调节因子的观念相比。现在，Gβγ二聚体已被确定为转录调节因子、顺行和逆行运输调节因子以及细胞内细胞器中第二信使分子生成的调节因子。在这里，我们综述了我们对Gβγ这些新的非经典作用的理解的一些最新进展。
