Williams A B, Friedman R B, Lorton L
U.S. Army Dental Corps, U.S. Army Institude of Dental Research, WRAMC, Washington, D.C.
J Forensic Sci. 1989 May;34(3):682-6.
On 9 May 1987, a Soviet-made IL-62M Polish airliner, LOT Flight 5055, crashed, exploded, and burned, killing the crew and 183 passengers. A forensic science team from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, comprised of 6 dental officers, 3 forensic pathologists, and 3 medical photographers, worked in concert with the Polish forensic science team. The small number of antemortem records and the extreme fragmentation of the remains presented a new scenario for computer use. Typically, the Computer-Assisted Postmortem Identification (CAPMI) software is used to compare remains against an antemortem database. Results are listed by the number of tooth-to-tooth matches based on restorative or other characteristics or both. The Polish disaster confounded this approach to some degree, however, and suggested a reconsideration of the theory on which the sort is made, that is, that the cases with maximum number of matches to preexisting dental records would be the most likely identification (ID) match. A hypothesis was constructed that, if searches were accomplished for fragments with a minimum number of mismatches, the correct matches would appear higher in the rank order. Six antemortem records (that had all dental information) were sorted against one hundred and twelve postmortem fragmented records. The resulting report was reordered so that records were listed by minimum number of mismatches. There was significant improvement in rank placement for all of the records. Thus it was accepted that in the situation of highly fragmented remains a different sorting based on the number of mismatches is indicated. Programming changes to make this option available have been implemented in the new version of CAPMI.
1987年5月9日，一架苏联制造的IL - 62M型波兰客机，即波兰航空公司5055号航班坠毁、爆炸并起火，机上机组人员和183名乘客全部遇难。来自武装部队病理研究所的一个法医科学团队，由6名牙科官员、3名法医病理学家和3名医学摄影师组成，与波兰法医科学团队协同工作。生前记录数量稀少以及遗体极度破碎为计算机的使用带来了新情况。通常，计算机辅助尸体身份识别（CAPMI）软件用于将遗体与生前数据库进行比对。结果根据基于修复体或其他特征或两者兼具的牙齿对牙齿匹配数量列出。然而，波兰的这场灾难在一定程度上使这种方法变得复杂，并促使人们重新审视进行排序所依据的理论，即与现有牙科记录匹配数量最多的案例最有可能是身份匹配。于是构建了一个假设，即如果对不匹配数量最少的碎片进行搜索，正确的匹配在排序中会更靠前。将6份生前记录（包含所有牙科信息）与112份死后破碎记录进行排序。生成的报告重新排序，以便按不匹配数量最少列出记录。所有记录在排序位置上都有显著改善。因此可以认定，在遗体高度破碎的情况下，应根据不匹配数量进行不同的排序。使此选项可用的程序更改已在CAPMI的新版本中实现。
