Montagna O, Giusti A, Grosso R, Del Buono Z, Burattini M G, Mautone A
Minerva Pediatr. 1989 Feb;41(2):67-70.
Foetal erythrocytes have an enhanced resistance to osmotic haemolysis that they retain for the first 5 days after birth, particularly in premature newborns. The erythrocyte fragility test was used to study the increased resistance to osmotic haemolysis in 155 healthy newborns (50 NGA born to term, 55 NGA premature and 50 SGA born to term) as well as 31 newborns (20 born to term and 11 premature) with aspecific hyperbilirubinaemia. The drug used was glycerol which is specific in its reaction to alterations in erythrocyte membrane stability and made it possible to assess changes arising in the first month after birth, both naturally and in response to phototherapy. The results show a much higher resistance in neonatal than adult erythrocytes that gradually decrease during the first month after birth without, however, falling to adult levels. No changes in resistance attributable to the phototherapy adopted in newborns with hyperbilirubinaemia were encountered. The glycerol test proved extremely sensitive in the diagnosis of neonatal haemolytic anaemias easy to use so that congenital spherocytosis can be identified earlier than is otherwise possible.
胎儿红细胞对渗透性溶血具有增强的抵抗力，这种抵抗力在出生后的头5天内会持续存在，尤其是在早产儿中。红细胞脆性试验被用于研究155名健康新生儿（50名足月儿、55名早产儿和50名足月儿小样儿）以及31名患有非特异性高胆红素血症的新生儿（20名足月儿和11名早产儿）对渗透性溶血抵抗力的增加情况。所使用的药物是甘油，它对红细胞膜稳定性的改变具有特异性反应，并且能够评估出生后第一个月内自然发生以及因光疗而产生的变化。结果显示，新生儿红细胞的抵抗力比成人红细胞高得多，在出生后的第一个月内逐渐下降，但并未降至成人水平。在患有高胆红素血症的新生儿中，未发现因采用光疗而导致的抵抗力变化。甘油试验在新生儿溶血性贫血的诊断中被证明极其敏感且易于使用，从而能够比其他方法更早地识别先天性球形红细胞增多症。
