Sato Kiminori, Chitose Shun-Ichi, Sato Kiminobu, Umeno Hirohito
a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan.
Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Dec;136(12):1278-1284. doi: 10.1080/00016489.2016.1203991. Epub 2016 Jul 11.
Deglutition was extremely infrequent and displayed unique patterns during sleep in the aged.
The deglutition and respiratory phase patterns during sleep in the healthy aged were investigated in this study.
Ten aged adults (average age = 71 years) were examined via time-matched digital recordings of polysomnography and surface electromyography of the muscles (thyrohyoid and suprahyoid muscles) related to swallowing.
During sleep, swallowing was extremely infrequent and absent for long periods in the aged. The median number of swallows per hour during total sleep time was 0.6, and the median longest deglutition-free period was 134.8 minutes. Most deglutition occurred in association with spontaneous electroencephalographic arousal both in REM and non-REM sleep. Deglutition was related to the sleep stage. The deeper the sleep stage, the lower the mean deglutition frequency. There was no deglutition during deep sleep. Overall muscle tone is inhibited during REM sleep. However, deglutition also occurred in association with spontaneous EEG arousal. The deeper the sleep stage, the lower the mean arousal frequency, and the lower the mean ratio of arousal with deglutition to arousal. Approximately one-third of swallows occurred after inspiration and were followed by inspiration.
老年人睡眠期间吞咽极为罕见且呈现独特模式。
本研究调查了健康老年人睡眠期间的吞咽和呼吸阶段模式。
通过多导睡眠图和与吞咽相关肌肉（甲状舌骨肌和舌骨上肌群）的表面肌电图进行时间匹配数字记录，对10名老年人（平均年龄 = 71岁）进行检查。
睡眠期间，老年人吞咽极为罕见且长时间不发生。总睡眠时间内每小时吞咽的中位数为0.6次，最长无吞咽期的中位数为134.8分钟。大多数吞咽发生在快速眼动（REM）睡眠和非快速眼动睡眠中与自发脑电图觉醒相关联的时候。吞咽与睡眠阶段有关。睡眠阶段越深，平均吞咽频率越低。深度睡眠期间无吞咽发生。快速眼动睡眠期间整体肌张力受到抑制。然而，吞咽也与自发脑电图觉醒相关联。睡眠阶段越深，平均觉醒频率越低，吞咽相关觉醒与总觉醒的平均比例越低。约三分之一的吞咽发生在吸气后并随后再次吸气。
