Bender B G, Linden M G, Robinson A
National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.
Pediatr Res. 1989 Jun;25(6):577-9. doi: 10.1203/00006450-198906000-00004.
Spatial and linguistic processing efficiency was evaluated in sixty 8- to 18-yr-old children, including thirteen 47,XXY boys, eleven 47,XXX girls, six girls with 45,X, two girls with 46,X,Xq-, and 28 chromosomally normal controls. Results indicated that the 47,XXX girls performed significantly below controls on all four cognitive tests. Scores of the X monosomy group were reduced on both spatial tests, one requiring rapid information processing and one without time requirements, which is consistent with previous reports of spatial thinking deficits in these propositae. The X monosomy girls also had difficulty completing the high efficiency but not the low efficiency verbal tests. Scores in the 47,XXY group did not differ from controls on either spatial test or on the low efficiency verbal task. When required to rapidly access verbal information from memory, however, the performance of these boys was significantly impaired. This finding confirms earlier reports of impeded verbal fluency in these propositi. Alteration in capacity to rapidly process information appears to distinguish 47,XXY boys and X monosomy girls from their chromosomally normal peers, and suggests that adaptations in their educational setting should be introduced to allow additional time to learn and complete work.
对60名8至18岁的儿童进行了空间和语言处理效率评估，其中包括13名47,XXY男孩、11名47,XXX女孩、6名45,X女孩、2名46,X,Xq-女孩以及28名染色体正常的对照者。结果表明，47,XXX女孩在所有四项认知测试中的表现均显著低于对照组。X单体组在两项空间测试中的得分均降低，一项测试需要快速处理信息，另一项测试没有时间限制，这与之前关于这些先证者存在空间思维缺陷的报道一致。X单体女孩在完成高效率语言测试时也有困难，但在低效率语言测试中没有。47,XXY组在空间测试或低效率语言任务上的得分与对照组没有差异。然而，当需要从记忆中快速获取语言信息时，这些男孩的表现明显受损。这一发现证实了之前关于这些先证者语言流畅性受阻的报道。快速处理信息能力的改变似乎使47,XXY男孩和X单体女孩与其染色体正常的同龄人有所不同，并表明应在他们的教育环境中进行调整，以便留出更多时间来学习和完成作业。
