Shabtaie Samuel A, Hogan Anthony R, Slidell Mark B
Pediatr Ann. 2016 Jul 1;45(7):e251-6. doi: 10.3928/00904481-20160523-01.
Splenic cysts are rare in the United States but more common in regions of the world where Echinococcus is endemic. Cysts are typically classified as true cysts or pseudocysts. True cysts can be parasitic or nonparasitic in origin, whereas most pseudocysts are a result of previous trauma. Recent recognition of features shared by true cysts and pseudocysts suggests the classification system may need to be revised. The prevalence of splenic cysts has increased secondary to the widespread use of abdominal imaging and successful nonoperative management of traumatic splenic injuries. Treatment previously consisted primarily of total splenectomy. However, recognition of the importance of the spleen throughout a patient's life has led to changes in the management of splenic disease. Advances in the testing and preoperative localization of splenic lesions have also led to increased efforts in splenic conservation. [Pediatr Ann. 2016;45(7):e251-e256.].
脾囊肿在美国较为罕见，但在世界上棘球绦虫流行的地区更为常见。囊肿通常分为真性囊肿或假性囊肿。真性囊肿可源于寄生虫或非寄生虫，而大多数假性囊肿是既往创伤的结果。最近对真性囊肿和假性囊肿共同特征的认识表明，分类系统可能需要修订。由于腹部影像学的广泛应用以及创伤性脾损伤的成功非手术治疗，脾囊肿的患病率有所增加。以前的治疗主要包括全脾切除术。然而，认识到脾脏在患者一生中的重要性，已导致脾疾病管理方式的改变。脾病变检测和术前定位方面的进展也促使人们在保留脾脏方面做出更多努力。[《儿科年鉴》。2016年；45(7):e251 - e256。]
