Bandelow Borwin, Baldwin David, Abelli Marianna, Altamura Carlo, Dell'Osso Bernardo, Domschke Katharina, Fineberg Naomi A, Grünblatt Edna, Jarema Marek, Maron Eduard, Nutt David, Pini Stefano, Vaghi Matilde M, Wichniak Adam, Zai Gwyneth, Riederer Peter
a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Göttingen , Germany ;
b Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK ;
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Aug;17(5):321-65. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1181783. Epub 2016 Jul 12.
Biomarkers are defined as anatomical, biochemical or physiological traits that are specific to certain disorders or syndromes. The objective of this paper is to summarise the current knowledge of biomarkers for anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Findings in biomarker research were reviewed by a task force of international experts in the field, consisting of members of the World Federation of Societies for Biological Psychiatry Task Force on Biological Markers and of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Anxiety Disorders Research Network.
The present article (Part I) summarises findings on potential biomarkers in neuroimaging studies, including structural brain morphology, functional magnetic resonance imaging and techniques for measuring metabolic changes, including positron emission tomography and others. Furthermore, this review reports on the clinical and molecular genetic findings of family, twin, linkage, association and genome-wide association studies. Part II of the review focuses on neurochemistry, neurophysiology and neurocognition.
Although at present, none of the putative biomarkers is sufficient and specific as a diagnostic tool, an abundance of high-quality research has accumulated that will improve our understanding of the neurobiological causes of anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD.
生物标志物被定义为特定于某些疾病或综合征的解剖学、生物化学或生理学特征。本文的目的是总结目前关于焦虑症、强迫症（OCD）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）生物标志物的知识。
该领域的国际专家工作组对生物标志物研究的结果进行了综述，该工作组由世界生物精神病学协会联合会生物标志物特别工作组和欧洲神经精神药理学学院焦虑症研究网络的成员组成。
本文（第一部分）总结了神经影像学研究中潜在生物标志物的研究结果，包括脑结构形态、功能磁共振成像以及测量代谢变化的技术，包括正电子发射断层扫描等。此外，本综述报告了家族、双胞胎、连锁、关联和全基因组关联研究的临床和分子遗传学结果。综述的第二部分重点关注神经化学、神经生理学和神经认知。
虽然目前尚无一种假定的生物标志物足以作为诊断工具且具有特异性，但已经积累了大量高质量的研究，这将增进我们对焦虑症、强迫症和创伤后应激障碍神经生物学病因的理解。
