Pringle Jamie K, Jervis John R, Roberts Daniel, Dick Henry C, Wisniewski Kristopher D, Cassidy Nigel J, Cassella John P
School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
Exploration Electronics Ltd., London Road, Beccles, Suffolk, NR34 8TS, UK.
J Forensic Sci. 2016 Mar;61(2):309-321. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13009. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
This ongoing monitoring study provides forensic search teams with systematic geophysical data over simulated clandestine graves for comparison to active cases. Simulated "wrapped," "naked," and "control" burials were created. Multiple geophysical surveys were collected over 6 years, here showing data from 4 to 6 years after burial. Electrical resistivity (twin electrode and ERI), multifrequency GPR, grave and background soil water were collected. Resistivity surveys revealed that the naked burial had low-resistivity anomalies up to year four but then difficult to image, whereas the wrapped burial had consistent large high-resistivity anomalies. GPR 110- to 900-MHz frequency surveys showed that the wrapped burial could be detected throughout, but the naked burial was either not detectable or poorly resolved. 225-MHz frequency GPR data were optimal. Soil water analyses showed decreasing (years 4 to 5) to background (year 6) conductivity values. Results suggest both resistivity and GPR surveying if burial style unknown, with winter to spring surveys optimal and increasingly important as time increases.
这项正在进行的监测研究为法医搜索团队提供了关于模拟秘密坟墓的系统地球物理数据，以便与实际案件进行比较。创建了模拟的“包裹式”、“裸尸式”和“对照式”埋葬。在6年时间里进行了多次地球物理调查，这里展示的是埋葬4至6年后的数据。收集了电阻率（双电极和电电阻率成像）、多频探地雷达、坟墓及背景土壤水分的数据。电阻率调查显示，裸尸式埋葬在第四年之前有低电阻率异常，但之后难以成像，而包裹式埋葬则有持续的大型高电阻率异常。110至900兆赫频率的探地雷达调查表明，包裹式埋葬在整个过程中都能被检测到，但裸尸式埋葬要么无法检测到，要么分辨率很差。225兆赫频率的探地雷达数据是最佳的。土壤水分分析显示，电导率值从第4年到第5年下降，到第6年降至背景值。结果表明，如果埋葬方式未知，电阻率和探地雷达测量都适用，冬春季节的调查最佳，且随着时间推移愈发重要。
