Mantovani Lucas M, Ferretjans Rodrigo, Marçal Iara M, Oliveira Amanda M, Guimarães Fernanda C, Salgado João Vinícius
Instituto Raul Soares, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2016 Apr-Jun;38(2):96-9. doi: 10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0082.
To investigate the determinants of family burden in a sample of patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers.
Thirty-one stable patients with schizophrenia and their main caregivers were recruited. Sociodemographic variables were assessed in a semi-structured interview, and positive and negative symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Cognitive performance was assessed with the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS). Levels of burden on caregivers were assessed with the Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS). Interactions among variables were analyzed using Pearson correlations and linear regression analysis.
Objective and subjective FBIS scores were 1.9 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.5) and 2.4 (SD = 0.6) respectively. Objective burden correlated positively with positive and negative symptoms, and cognitive impairment. Subjective burden correlated positively with positive symptoms and negatively with mean age of disease onset. Positive, negative and cognitive symptoms accounted for 47.6% of the variance of objective burden, with negative symptoms accounting independently for 30.3%. Age of onset, parents as caregivers and positive symptoms accounted for 28% of the variance of subjective burden, with age of onset independently explaining 20.3%.
Patients' clinical and sociodemographic variables are important determinants of family burden in schizophrenia. Objective burden is predicted by symptoms, particularly negative ones. Subjective burden is predicted by symptoms and sociodemographic variables, particularly age of disease onset.
在一组精神分裂症患者及其照料者样本中，研究家庭负担的决定因素。
招募了31名病情稳定的精神分裂症患者及其主要照料者。通过半结构化访谈评估社会人口统计学变量，使用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评估阳性和阴性症状。使用精神分裂症认知评定量表（SCoRS）评估认知表现。使用家庭负担访谈量表（FBIS）评估照料者的负担水平。使用Pearson相关性分析和线性回归分析来分析变量之间的相互作用。
FBIS客观评分和主观评分分别为1.9（标准差[SD]=0.5）和2.4（SD=0.6）。客观负担与阳性和阴性症状以及认知障碍呈正相关。主观负担与阳性症状呈正相关，与疾病平均发病年龄呈负相关。阳性、阴性和认知症状占客观负担方差的47.6%，其中阴性症状独立占30.3%。发病年龄、照料者为父母以及阳性症状占主观负担方差的28%，其中发病年龄独立解释20.3%。
患者的临床和社会人口统计学变量是精神分裂症家庭负担的重要决定因素。客观负担由症状预测，尤其是阴性症状。主观负担由症状和社会人口统计学变量预测，尤其是疾病发病年龄。
