Urbina-Fuentes M, Echánove-Fernández E
Salud Publica Mex. 1989 Mar-Apr;31(2):168-76.
Fertility, health, and family planning are not independent factors, but rather involve a series of biological and social mechanisms in close interaction with one another. The impact that a high fertility rate has on health is reflected mainly in a rise in the rates of maternal and child mortality. Similarly, fertility has a greater negative effect upon the health of groups characterized by high reproductive risk, high parity, short intergenesic intervals, and unwanted pregnancies. On the other hand, family planning -and specifically the use of contraceptive methods-helps to achieve a lowering of the fertility rate and also has a positive effect on maternal-child health. This situation can be observed in the case of Mexico, where fertility rates and tendencies, as well as maternal and child mortality, have been reduced during the past decade.
生育、健康和计划生育并非独立因素，而是涉及一系列相互密切作用的生物和社会机制。高生育率对健康的影响主要体现在孕产妇和儿童死亡率的上升。同样，生育对具有高生殖风险、多胎次、短生育间隔和意外怀孕特征的人群的健康有更大的负面影响。另一方面，计划生育——特别是避孕方法的使用——有助于降低生育率，也对母婴健康有积极影响。这种情况在墨西哥可以观察到，在过去十年里，墨西哥的生育率和趋势以及孕产妇和儿童死亡率都有所下降。
