Li K Q, Li J, Wang H, Jiang Z Y
School of Public Health and Management; Research Center for Medicine and Social Development; Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2016 Jul 6;50(7):625-8. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.07.012.
To analyze the status of head circumference development and related factors of microcephaly among infants in Chongqing, China.
We included infants aged 7-24 months who had received child health care services at a Chongqing hospital from 1 February 2010 to 1 November 2014. We collected data of sex, age, head circumference, childbirth conditions, mother's pregnancy history, infant feeding patterns, and parents' educational level. Ultimately, 31 902 infants (17 511 males and 14 391 females) were analyzed. The t-test was used to compare head circumference by sex, and logistic regression models used to analyze the related factors of microcephaly. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
Among the different age groups (7-8, 9-10, 11-12, 13-18, and 19-24 months), head circumferences for males were (44.3±1.3), (45.2±1.4), (46.1±1.5), (46.8±1.4), and (47.8±1.4) cm, respectively; for females, head circumferences were (43.1±1.3), (44.1±1.3), (44.8±1.4), (45.7±1.4), and (46.7±1.3)cm, respectively. Head circumference for males were all greater than those for girls (t-values were 32.09, 27.73, 32.21, 41.66, and 32.03, respectively; P<0.001). The rate of microcephaly was 3.2% (1 025/31 902) among infants. Birth weights and fetal times were related to microcephaly in infants, with OR (95% CI) values 0.15(0.13-0.18) and 1.31(1.11-1.54), respectively. Factors including urban location, delayed birth, cesarean section, formula feeding, and mixed feeding patterns might reduce the risks of microcephaly compared with suburban location, term birth, eutocia, and breastfeeding; OR (95% CI) values were 0.60 (0.52-0.68), 0.55 (0.44-0.70), 0.76 (0.67-0.87), 0.46 (0.32-0.67), and 0.51 (0.34-0.75), respectively.
Head circumference development among infants in Chongqing was satisfactory. Family environmental factors, birth conditions, and feeding patterns were found to be important factors related to microcephaly.
分析中国重庆地区婴幼儿头围发育状况及小头畸形的相关因素。
纳入2010年2月1日至2014年11月1日期间在重庆某医院接受儿童保健服务的7至24月龄婴幼儿。收集性别、年龄、头围、分娩情况、母亲妊娠史、婴儿喂养方式及父母教育程度等数据。最终分析了31902名婴幼儿（男17511名，女14391名）。采用t检验比较不同性别的头围，并运用逻辑回归模型分析小头畸形的相关因素。计算比值比（OR）及95%置信区间（CI）。
在不同年龄组（7至8、9至10、11至12、13至18及19至24月龄）中，男性婴幼儿的头围分别为（44.3±1.3）、（45.2±1.4）、（46.1±1.5）、（46.8±1.4）及（47.8±1.4）cm；女性婴幼儿的头围分别为（43.1±1.3）、（44.1±1.3）、（44.8±1.4）、（45.7±1.4）及（46.7±1.3）cm。男性婴幼儿的头围均大于女性（t值分别为32.09、27.73、32.21、41.66及32.03；P<0.001）。婴幼儿中小头畸形发生率为3.2%（1025/31902）。出生体重及胎次与婴幼儿小头畸形有关，OR（95%CI）值分别为0.15（0.13 - 0.18）及1.31（1.11 - 1.54）。与郊区出生、足月产、顺产及母乳喂养相比，城市出生、过期产、剖宫产、配方奶喂养及混合喂养方式等因素可能降低小头畸形风险；OR（95%CI）值分别为0.60（0.52 - 0.68）、0.55（0.44 - 0.70）、0.76（0.67 - 0.87）、0.46（0.32 - 0.67）及0.51（0.34 - 0.75）。
重庆地区婴幼儿头围发育状况良好。家庭环境因素、出生情况及喂养方式是小头畸形的重要相关因素。
