Akujärvi Anu, Lehtonen Aleksi, Liski Jari
Finnish Environment Institute, Natural Environment Centre, Finland; University of Helsinki, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Finland.
Natural Resources Institute, Finland.
J Environ Manage. 2016 Oct 1;181:498-514. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.066. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
The carbon (C) cycle of forests produces ecosystem services (ES) such as climate regulation and timber production. Mapping these ES using simple land cover -based proxies might add remarkable inaccuracy to the estimates. A framework to map the current status of the C budget of boreal forested landscapes was developed. The C stocks of biomass and soil and the annual change in these stocks were quantified in a 20 × 20 m resolution at the regional level on mineral soils in southern Finland. The fine-scale variation of the estimates was analyzed geo-statistically. The reliability of the estimates was evaluated by comparing them to measurements from the national multi-source forest inventory. The C stocks of forests increased slightly from the south coast to inland whereas the changes in these stocks were more uniform. The spatial patches of C stocks were larger than those of C stock changes. The patch size of the C stocks reflected the spatial variation in the environmental conditions, and that of the C stock changes the typical area of forest management compartments. The simulated estimates agreed well with the measurements indicating a good mapping framework performance. The mapping framework is the basis for evaluating the effects of forest management alternatives on C budget at high resolution across large spatial scales. It will be coupled with the assessment of other ES and biodiversity to study their relationships. The framework integrated a wide suite of simulation models and extensive inventory data. It provided reliable estimates of the human influence on C cycle in forested landscapes.
森林的碳（C）循环产生了诸如气候调节和木材生产等生态系统服务（ES）。使用基于简单土地覆盖的替代指标来绘制这些生态系统服务图可能会使估计值产生显著误差。为此开发了一个用于绘制北方森林景观碳预算现状的框架。在芬兰南部矿质土壤的区域层面，以20×20米的分辨率对生物量和土壤的碳储量以及这些储量的年变化进行了量化。采用地统计学方法分析了估计值的精细尺度变化。通过将估计值与国家多源森林清查的测量值进行比较，评估了估计值的可靠性。森林的碳储量从南海岸到内陆略有增加，而这些储量的变化则更为均匀。碳储量的空间斑块比碳储量变化的斑块更大。碳储量的斑块大小反映了环境条件的空间变化，而碳储量变化的斑块大小反映了森林经营分区的典型面积。模拟估计值与测量值吻合良好，表明该制图框架性能良好。该制图框架是在大空间尺度上高分辨率评估森林经营方案对碳预算影响的基础。它将与其他生态系统服务和生物多样性评估相结合，以研究它们之间的关系。该框架整合了一系列模拟模型和大量清查数据。它提供了对人类对森林景观碳循环影响的可靠估计。
