Henning Robert J
The University of South Florida and the James A. Haley Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
Future Cardiol. 2016 Sep;12(5):585-99. doi: 10.2217/fca-2016-0006. Epub 2016 Jul 15.
Stem cells encode vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), fibroblastic growth factors (FGFs), stem cell factor, stromal cell-derived factor, platelet growth factor and angiopoietin that can contribute to myocardial vascularization. VEGFs and FGFs are the most investigated growth factors. VEGFs regulate angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. FGFs stimulate vessel cell proliferation and differentiation and are regulators of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and survival. Clinical trials of VEGF or FGF for myocardial angiogenesis have produced disparate results. The efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis can be improved by: (1) identifying the most optimal patients; (2) increased knowledge of angiogenic factor pharmacokinetics and proper dose; (3) prolonging contact of angiogenic factors with the myocardium; (4) increasing the efficiency of VEGF or FGF gene transduction; and (5) utilizing PET or MRI to measure myocardial perfusion and perfusion reserve.
干细胞可编码血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）、干细胞因子、基质细胞衍生因子、血小板生长因子和血管生成素，这些因子有助于心肌血管化。VEGF和FGF是研究最多的生长因子。VEGF调节血管生成和血管发生。FGF刺激血管细胞增殖和分化，是内皮细胞迁移、增殖和存活的调节因子。VEGF或FGF用于心肌血管生成的临床试验产生了不同的结果。治疗性血管生成的疗效可通过以下方式提高：（1）识别最适合的患者；（2）增加对血管生成因子药代动力学和合适剂量的了解；（3）延长血管生成因子与心肌的接触时间；（4）提高VEGF或FGF基因转导效率；（5）利用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）或磁共振成像（MRI）测量心肌灌注和灌注储备。
