棉花种间和种内杂种的杂种优势及相关性

Heterosis and correlation in interspecific and intraspecific hybrids of cotton.

作者信息

Munir S, Hussain S B, Manzoor H, Quereshi M K, Zubair M, Nouman W, Shehzad A N, Rasul S, Manzoor S A

机构信息

Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.

Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.

出版信息

Genet Mol Res. 2016 Jun 24;15(2):gmr8083. doi: 10.4238/gmr.15028083.

DOI:10.4238/gmr.15028083

PMID:27420964

Abstract

Interspecific and intraspecific hybrids show varying degrees of heterosis for yield and yield components. Yield-component traits have complex genetic relationships with each other. To determine the relationship of yield-component traits and fiber traits with seed cotton yield, six lines (Bt. CIM-599, CIM-573, MNH-786, CIM-554, BH-167, and GIZA-7) and three test lines (MNH-886, V4, and CIM-557) were crossed in a line x tester mating design. Heterosis was observed for seed cotton yield, fiber traits, and for other yield-component traits. Heterosis in interspecific hybrids for seed cotton yield was more prominent than in intraspecific hybrids. The interspecific hybrid Giza-7 x MNH-886 had the highest heterosis (114.77), while among intraspecific hybrids, CIM-554 x CIM-557 had the highest heterosis (61.29) for seed cotton yield. A major trait contributing to seed cotton yield was bolls/plant followed by boll weight. Correlation studies revealed that bolls/plant, boll weight, lint weight/boll, lint index, seed index, lint/seed, staple length, and staple strength were significantly and positively associated with seed cotton yield. Selection based on boll weight, boll number, lint weight/boll, and lint index will be helpful for improving cotton seed yield.

摘要

种间和种内杂交种在产量及产量构成因素方面表现出不同程度的杂种优势。产量构成因素性状之间存在复杂的遗传关系。为了确定产量构成因素性状和纤维性状与籽棉产量的关系，采用系×测验种交配设计，将6个品系（Bt. CIM-599、CIM-573、MNH-786、CIM-554、BH-167和GIZA-7）与3个测验系（MNH-886、V4和CIM-557）进行杂交。在籽棉产量、纤维性状及其他产量构成因素性状方面均观察到杂种优势。种间杂交种的籽棉产量杂种优势比种内杂交种更为显著。种间杂交种Giza-7×MNH-886具有最高的杂种优势（114.77），而在种内杂交种中，CIM-554×CIM-557的籽棉产量杂种优势最高（61.29）。对籽棉产量起主要作用的性状是单株铃数，其次是铃重。相关性研究表明，单株铃数、铃重、单铃皮棉重、衣分、籽指、衣籽比、纤维长度和纤维强度与籽棉产量显著正相关。基于铃重、铃数、单铃皮棉重和衣分进行选择，将有助于提高棉花籽棉产量。