Aurensanz Clemente Esther, Samper Villagrasa Pilar, Ayerza Casas Ariadna, Ruiz Frontera Pablo, Moreno Aznar Luis Alberto, Bueno Lozano Gloria
Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital de Barbastro, Barbastro, Huesca, España.
Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2016 Sep 16;147(6):231-7. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.06.002. Epub 2016 Jul 14.
Small for gestational age (SGA) children are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Our objective is to evaluate changes in body composition produced by growth hormone (GH) treatment.
A group of 28 SGA children without catch-up growth and undergoing treatment with GH was selected for evaluation. Over the course of 3 years from the beginning of the treatment with GH, the children's body composition variables (bone mineral density [BMD], fat and lean body mass proportion) were evaluated annually with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A study of correlation between metabolic and body composition variables was also made.
Treatment with GH produces a reduction in fat mass proportion in relation to lean body mass, decreasing from 25.94±6.09 to 22.88±5.38% (P=.034). In the abdominal regions we observe an increase in lean mass, from 1,356,91±426,71 to 2,570,96±814,36g (P=.000) and a tendency for visceral fat deposits to decrease. BMD in lumbar vertebrae improved from -1.55±0.68 to -0.90±0.79Z (P=.019).
Treatment with GH produces changes in body composition, improving BMD and increasing the proportion of lean body mass with a reduction in fat mass. If these changes persisted into adulthood, they may cause a reduction in the metabolic and cardiovascular risk in this group of patients.
小于胎龄儿（SGA）患代谢综合征的风险增加。我们的目的是评估生长激素（GH）治疗对身体成分的影响。
选取一组28例未出现追赶生长且正在接受GH治疗的SGA儿童进行评估。从开始使用GH治疗起的3年时间里，每年使用双能X线吸收法评估儿童的身体成分变量（骨密度[BMD]、脂肪和瘦体重比例）。还对代谢和身体成分变量之间的相关性进行了研究。
GH治疗使脂肪质量与瘦体重的比例降低，从25.94±6.09降至22.88±5.38%（P = 0.034）。在腹部区域，我们观察到瘦体重增加，从1356.91±426.71克增至2570.96±814.36克（P = 0.000），且内脏脂肪沉积有减少趋势。腰椎骨密度从-1.55±0.68改善至-0.90±0.79Z（P = 0.019）。
GH治疗可改变身体成分，改善骨密度，增加瘦体重比例并减少脂肪量。如果这些变化持续至成年期，可能会降低该组患者的代谢和心血管疾病风险。
