Treatment Outcomes of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital over Two Decades.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate changes in treatment outcomes and epidemiologic profiles of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients over a 20-year period.

STUDY DESIGN

This retrospective study recruited all GTN patients who were treated at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital during the period January 1994-December 2013. Clinical data were collected. Statistical analyses were performed, with p values < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

There were 183 GTN cases during the study period, resulting in an incidence of 1.03 cases per 1,000 deliveries. Fifty-five cases (30.1%) were diagnosed as GTN following nonmolar pregnancy, and 128 cases were identified as postmolar GTN. A total of 113 cases were diagnosed as stage I, 12 as stage II, 40 as stage III, and 17 as stage IV; 125 cases (68.3%) were clas- sified as low risk, and 57 cases (31.1%) as high risk. Actinomycin D was the most frequently used first-line single-agent chemotherapy (98 cases), and VAC regimen was the most frequently used combination chemotherapy (24 cases). EMACO regimen was the most frequently used second-line chemotherapy (11 cases). The median number of chemotherapy courses was 4.5 courses in the first decade and 6 courses in the second decade of our study (p = 0.005). Median duration of treatment was 72 days (range, 7-491 days). Overall remission rate was 82.6%, with rates of 76% in the first decade and 90.8% in the second decade of the study (p=0.03).

CONCLUSION

Incidence of high-risk GTN increased over the course of the study period at our national referral hospital. Improvement in patient outcomes was observed, being directly associated with improved targeted chemotherapy regimens.