Popoola Bamidele O, Onyejaka Nneka, Folayan Morenike O
Department of Child Oral Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Department of Child Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
BMC Oral Health. 2016 Jul 7;17(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12903-016-0236-6.
Developmental dental hard tissue anomalies are often associated with oral health problems. This study determined the clinical prevalence of developmental dental hard tissue anomalies in the permanent dentition of children resident in southwestern Nigeria and its association with dental caries and poor oral hygiene status.
This was a cross-sectional study recruiting 1565 school children, 12 to 15 year old attending schools in Ibadan, Oyo State and Ile-Ife, Osun State. All eligible study participants had oral examinations conducted to determine presence of developmental hard dental tissue anomalies, caries and oral hygiene status. The prevalence of developmental dental hard tissue anomalies was determined. Logistic Poisson regression was used to determine the association of between developmental dental hard tissue anomalies, caries and oral hygiene status.
Only 65 (4.2 %) children had clinically diagnosed developmental dental hard tissue anomalies. The most prevalent anomaly was enamel hypoplasia (2.2 %). More females (p = 0.003) and more children with middle socioeconomic class (p = 0.001) had enamel hypoplasia. The probability of having poor oral hygiene was significantly increased for children with developmental dental anomalies (APR: 0.07; 95 % CI: 0.03 - 0.12; p = 0.002). The probability of having caries was insignificantly increased for children with developmental dental hard tissue anomalies (APR: 0.005; 95 % CI: -0.03 - 0.04; p = 0.08).
The most prevalence clinically detectable developmental dental hard tissue anomalies for the study population was enamel hypoplasia. The presence of developmental dental hard tissue anomalies significantly increased the chances of having poor oral hygiene but not caries. Further studies are required to understand if poor oral hygiene is associated with dental caries in children with developmental dental hard tissue anomalies.
发育性牙硬组织异常常与口腔健康问题相关。本研究确定了居住在尼日利亚西南部儿童恒牙列中发育性牙硬组织异常的临床患病率及其与龋齿和口腔卫生状况差的关联。
这是一项横断面研究，招募了1565名12至15岁在奥约州伊巴丹和奥孙州伊莱-伊费上学的学童。对所有符合条件的研究参与者进行口腔检查，以确定发育性硬牙组织异常、龋齿和口腔卫生状况的存在情况。确定发育性牙硬组织异常的患病率。采用逻辑泊松回归确定发育性牙硬组织异常、龋齿和口腔卫生状况之间的关联。
仅有65名（4.2%）儿童被临床诊断为发育性牙硬组织异常。最常见的异常是釉质发育不全（2.2%）。釉质发育不全在女性中更为常见（p = 0.003），在社会经济阶层中等的儿童中更为常见（p = 0.001）。发育性牙异常的儿童口腔卫生差的概率显著增加（风险比：0.07；95%可信区间：0.03 - 0.12；p = 0.002）。发育性牙硬组织异常的儿童患龋齿的概率虽有增加但不显著（风险比：0.005；95%可信区间：-0.03 - 0.04；p = 0.08）。
该研究人群中临床上可检测到的最常见发育性牙硬组织异常是釉质发育不全。发育性牙硬组织异常的存在显著增加了口腔卫生差的几率，但与龋齿无关。需要进一步研究以了解口腔卫生差是否与发育性牙硬组织异常儿童的龋齿有关。
