Selzam S, Krapohl E, von Stumm S, O'Reilly P F, Rimfeld K, Kovas Y, Dale P S, Lee J J, Plomin R
King's College London, MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK.
Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London, London, UK.
Mol Psychiatry. 2017 Feb;22(2):267-272. doi: 10.1038/mp.2016.107. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
A genome-wide polygenic score (GPS), derived from a 2013 genome-wide association study (N=127,000), explained 2% of the variance in total years of education (EduYears). In a follow-up study (N=329,000), a new EduYears GPS explains up to 4%. Here, we tested the association between this latest EduYears GPS and educational achievement scores at ages 7, 12 and 16 in an independent sample of 5825 UK individuals. We found that EduYears GPS explained greater amounts of variance in educational achievement over time, up to 9% at age 16, accounting for 15% of the heritable variance. This is the strongest GPS prediction to date for quantitative behavioral traits. Individuals in the highest and lowest GPS septiles differed by a whole school grade at age 16. Furthermore, EduYears GPS was associated with general cognitive ability (3.5%) and family socioeconomic status (7%). There was no evidence of an interaction between EduYears GPS and family socioeconomic status on educational achievement or on general cognitive ability. These results are a harbinger of future widespread use of GPS to predict genetic risk and resilience in the social and behavioral sciences.
一个源自2013年全基因组关联研究（样本量N = 127,000）的全基因组多基因评分（GPS），解释了教育总年限（EduYears）中2%的方差。在一项后续研究（样本量N = 329,000）中，一个新的EduYears GPS解释率高达4%。在此，我们在一个包含5825名英国个体的独立样本中，测试了这个最新的EduYears GPS与7岁、12岁和16岁时教育成就分数之间的关联。我们发现，EduYears GPS随时间推移解释了教育成就中更大比例的方差，在16岁时高达9%，占遗传方差的15%。这是迄今为止对定量行为特征最强的GPS预测。处于GPS最高和最低七分位数的个体在16岁时相差整整一个年级。此外，EduYears GPS与一般认知能力（约3.5%）和家庭社会经济地位（约7%）相关。没有证据表明EduYears GPS与家庭社会经济地位在教育成就或一般认知能力上存在相互作用。这些结果预示着GPS在社会和行为科学中预测遗传风险和恢复力方面未来将得到广泛应用。
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