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幼年大鼠的热量限制会扰乱海马体神经发生和空间学习。

Caloric restriction in young rats disturbs hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial learning.

作者信息

Cardoso Armando, Marrana Francisco, Andrade José P

机构信息

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Center of Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.

出版信息

Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2016 Sep;133:214-224. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.013. Epub 2016 Jul 16.

Abstract

It is widely known that caloric restriction (CR) has benefits on several organic systems, including the central nervous system. However, the majority of the CR studies was performed in adult animals and the information about the consequences on young populations is limited. In this study, we analyzed the effects of young-onset CR, started at 4weeks of age, in the number of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-containing neurons and in neurogenesis of the hippocampal formation, using doublecortin (DCX) and Ki67 as markers. Knowing that CR treatment could interfere with exploratory activity, anxiety, learning and memory we have analyzed the performance of the rats in the open-field, elevated plus-maze and Morris water maze tests. Animals aged 4weeks were randomly assigned to control or CR groups. Controls were maintained in the ad libitum regimen during 2months. The adolescent CR rats were fed, during 2months, with 60% of the amount of food consumed by controls. We have found that young-onset CR treatment did not affect the total number of NPY-immunopositive neurons in dentate hilus, CA3 and CA1 hippocampal subfields and did not change the exploratory activity and anxiety levels. Interestingly, we have found that young-onset CR might affect spatial learning process since those animals showed worse performance during the acquisition phase of Morris water maze. Furthermore, young-onset CR induced alterations of neurogenesis in the dentate subgranular layer that seems to underlie the impairment of spatial learning. Our data suggest that adolescent animals are vulnerable to CR treatment and that this diet is not suitable to be applied in this age phase.

摘要

众所周知,热量限制(CR)对包括中枢神经系统在内的多个有机系统有益。然而,大多数热量限制研究是在成年动物身上进行的,关于其对年轻群体影响的信息有限。在本研究中,我们以双皮质素(DCX)和Ki67为标记物,分析了从4周龄开始的幼年起热量限制对含神经肽Y(NPY)神经元数量以及海马结构神经发生的影响。鉴于热量限制处理可能会干扰探索活动、焦虑、学习和记忆,我们分析了大鼠在旷场试验、高架十字迷宫试验和莫里斯水迷宫试验中的表现。将4周龄的动物随机分为对照组或热量限制组。对照组在2个月内自由进食。青春期热量限制组大鼠在2个月内喂食量为对照组消耗量的60%。我们发现,幼年起热量限制处理并未影响齿状回、海马CA3和CA1亚区中NPY免疫阳性神经元的总数,也未改变探索活动和焦虑水平。有趣的是,我们发现幼年起热量限制可能会影响空间学习过程,因为这些动物在莫里斯水迷宫的获取阶段表现较差。此外,幼年起热量限制诱导齿状回颗粒下层神经发生改变,这似乎是空间学习受损的基础。我们的数据表明,青春期动物易受热量限制处理的影响,这种饮食不适用于这个年龄阶段。

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