Cox Christopher, MacDonald Scott, Henneberry Ryan, Atkinson Paul R
Dalhousie University-Emergency Medicine, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Dalhousie University-Emergency Medicine, Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada.
Ultrasound. 2015 Nov;23(4):242-50. doi: 10.1177/1742271X15601617. Epub 2015 Aug 17.
Acute flank and abdominal pain are common presenting complaints in the emergency department. With increasing access to point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS), emergency physicians have an added tool to help identify renal problems as a cause of a patient's pain. PoCUS for hydronephrosis has a sensitivity of 72-83.3% and a varying specificity, similar to radiology-performed ultrasonography. In addition to assessment for hydronephrosis, PoCUS can help emergency physicians to exclude other serious causes of flank and abdominal pain such as the presence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, or free fluid in the intraperitoneal space, which could represent hemorrhage. Use of PoCUS for the assessment of flank pain has resulted in more rapid diagnosis, decreased use of computed tomography, and shorter emergency department length of stay.
急性胁腹和腹痛是急诊科常见的就诊主诉。随着床旁超声（PoCUS）的普及，急诊医生有了一项额外的工具来帮助识别导致患者疼痛的肾脏问题。PoCUS诊断肾积水的敏感度为72 - 83.3%，特异性各异，与放射科进行的超声检查相似。除了评估肾积水外，PoCUS还能帮助急诊医生排除胁腹和腹痛的其他严重病因，如腹主动脉瘤的存在或腹腔内的游离液体，后者可能提示出血。使用PoCUS评估胁腹疼痛已实现更快速的诊断、减少了计算机断层扫描的使用，并缩短了急诊科的住院时间。
