Mermer Gülengül, Dağhan Şafak, Bilge Ayşegül, Dönmez Renginar Öztürk, Özsoy Süheyla, Günay Türkan
Department of Public Health of Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2016 Jun;24(2):137-43. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a4217.
Tobacco consumption is still a prevalent issue. Given that teachers are respected in society, they have a great responsibility for tobacco control. This study examines, using the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), the prevalence of tobacco use among teachers and their different stages of tobacco use. It also evaluates teachers' views on smoking and the effectiveness of training on tobacco use.
This study is quasi-experimental. Pre-test and post-test were used first with a cross-sectional group, then with a single group to determine the frequency of tobacco use. The research participation complied with the voluntary principles and the participation rate was 84.9%. The research sample comprised 450 teachers working at schools (N=17) under the Kemalpasa Directorate of Education. The data form contained 29 questions about socio-demographic characteristics and smoking habits. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Smoking Decisional Balance Scale (SDBS), and the Stage of Change were used. A pre-test was also administered, and training was given between January 13 and March 4, 2014. After the training sessions, two short messages (SMS) were sent on March 12 and March 19, 2014. A post-test was administered between April 1 and May 21, 2014. The relevant institutions and participants gave the requisite permission for the data used in this study. Percentage distribution, dependent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the research data.
The median age of the teachers was 37.49±7.84. The teachers' mean score for the pre-test of FTND was 5.7±2.03, and their mean score for the post-test was 3.25±2.07. Post-test scores were remarkably lower than the pre-test scores. It was found that teachers' mean scores for SDBS were different before and after training. After training, anti-smoking attitudes increased (pros-cons scores: pre-test: -3.64±4.68, post-test: -11.25±5.48). The training helped the entire group to make progress in the process change.
After training on "the health effects of smoking", teachers' anti-smoking attitudes rose on the smoking decision balance scale, their nicotine dependency was reduced, and they were able to move forward in a positive direction.
烟草消费仍是一个普遍存在的问题。鉴于教师在社会中受到尊重，他们在控烟方面负有重大责任。本研究运用跨理论模型（TTM），调查教师群体中烟草使用的流行情况及其烟草使用的不同阶段。同时，评估教师对吸烟的看法以及烟草使用培训的效果。
本研究为准实验性研究。首先对一个横断面组进行前测和后测，然后对一个单组进行测试以确定烟草使用频率。研究参与遵循自愿原则，参与率为84.9%。研究样本包括在凯末尔帕夏教育总局下属17所学校工作的450名教师。数据表格包含29个关于社会人口学特征和吸烟习惯的问题。使用了尼古丁依赖的法格斯特龙测试（FTND）、吸烟决策平衡量表（SDBS）以及行为改变阶段量表。同时进行了前测，并于2014年1月13日至3月4日期间开展培训。培训课程结束后，于2014年3月12日和3月19日发送了两条短信。2014年4月1日至5月21日期间进行了后测。本研究使用的数据已获得相关机构和参与者的必要许可。采用百分比分布、配对t检验和卡方检验来评估研究数据。
教师的年龄中位数为37.49±7.84岁。教师FTND前测的平均得分为5.7±2.03，后测的平均得分为3.25±2.07。后测得分显著低于前测得分。结果发现，教师SDBS的平均得分在培训前后有所不同。培训后，反吸烟态度增强（利弊得分：前测：-3.64±4.68，后测：-11.25±5.48）。培训帮助整个群体在行为改变过程中取得了进步。
在接受“吸烟对健康的影响”培训后，教师在吸烟决策平衡量表上的反吸烟态度有所上升，尼古丁依赖程度降低，并且能够朝着积极的方向前进。
