Bryła Marek, Pikala Małgorzata, Maniecka-Bryła Irena
Social Medicine Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2016 Jun;24(2):156-62. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a4289.
The aim of the study was to evaluate years of life lost for citizens of the Lodz Province, which is characterized by the lowest life expectancy in Poland, and to identify current trends in this area according to the most common causes of death.
The study material included a database containing information gathered from 470,000 death certificates of Lodz Province inhabitants, who died between 1999 and 2011. In order to calculate years of life lost, the authors applied the SEYLLp (Standard Expected Years of Life Lost per living person) and SEYLLd (per death) indices. The analysis of time trends was carried out with the application of joinpoint models.
The SEYLLp measure was 2,300 years per 10,000 males and 1,500 years per 10,000 females in 2011. Cardiovascular diseases contributed to the highest number of years of life lost (SEYLLp=682 years per 10,000 males and 559 years per 10,000 females). Next were malignant neoplasms (SEYLLp=505 years per 10,000 males and 437 years per 10,000 females), external causes of death (SEYLLp=361 years per 10,000 males and 83 years per 10,000 females). The number of years of life lost due to acute myocardial infarction decreased most rapidly, the Annual Percent Change (APC) was -10.1% in males and -3.7% in females. However, heart failure contributed to the highest increase in the number of years of life lost (APC=10.8% in males and 10.9% in females).
A further decrease in the mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases might contribute to the highest reduction of years of life lost. The most effective preventive activities are those aimed at reducing productive years of life lost due to a particular cause of death, i.e. road traffic accidents, suicides, cirrhosis of the liver, alcoholic liver disease, and malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchi and lungs.
本研究旨在评估罗兹省居民的寿命损失年数，该省是波兰预期寿命最低的地区，并根据最常见死因确定该领域的当前趋势。
研究材料包括一个数据库，其中包含从1999年至2011年期间死亡的470,000名罗兹省居民的死亡证明中收集的信息。为了计算寿命损失年数，作者应用了SEYLLp（每人预期寿命损失标准年数）和SEYLLd（每例死亡）指数。时间趋势分析采用连接点模型进行。
2011年，SEYLLp指标为每10,000名男性2,300年，每10,000名女性1,500年。心血管疾病导致的寿命损失年数最多（SEYLLp =每10,000名男性682年，每10,000名女性559年）。其次是恶性肿瘤（SEYLLp =每10,000名男性505年，每10,000名女性437年）、外部死因（SEYLLp =每10,000名男性361年，每10,000名女性83年）。因急性心肌梗死导致的寿命损失年数下降最快，男性的年度百分比变化（APC）为-10.1%，女性为-3.7%。然而，心力衰竭导致的寿命损失年数增加最多（男性APC = 10.8%，女性APC = 10.9%）。
心血管疾病死亡率的进一步下降可能会导致寿命损失年数的最大减少。最有效的预防活动是那些旨在减少因特定死因（即道路交通事故、自杀、肝硬化、酒精性肝病以及气管、支气管和肺部恶性肿瘤）导致的生产性寿命损失年数的活动。
