Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2016 Jun;15:104-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.04.008. Epub 2016 Apr 20.
The intestinal epithelium of insects is exposed to xenobiotics and entomopathogens during the feeding developmental stages. In these conditions, an effective enterocyte turnover mechanism is highly desirable to maintain integrity of the gut epithelial wall. As in other insects, the gut of lepidopteran larvae have stem cells that are capable of proliferation, which occurs during molting and pathogenic episodes. While much is known on the regulation of gut stem cell division during molting, there is a current knowledge gap on the molecular regulation of gut healing processes after entomopathogen exposure. Relevant information on this subject is emerging from studies of the response to exposure to insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) as model intoxicants. In this work we discuss currently available data on the molecular cues involved in gut stem cell proliferation, insect gut healing, and the implications of enhanced healing as a potential mechanism of resistance against Bt toxins.
昆虫的肠道上皮细胞在进食和发育阶段会暴露于外来物质和昆虫病原体中。在这些条件下，有效的肠细胞更新机制对于维持肠道上皮壁的完整性非常重要。与其他昆虫一样，鳞翅目幼虫的肠道中存在具有增殖能力的干细胞，这些干细胞在蜕皮和发生病原体感染时会增殖。虽然人们已经了解了在蜕皮过程中肠道干细胞分裂的调控，但对于肠道在受到昆虫病原体感染后的愈合过程的分子调控，目前还存在知识空白。有关这方面的相关信息正在从对细菌苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）的杀虫蛋白的暴露反应的研究中逐渐浮现。在这项工作中，我们讨论了目前关于参与肠道干细胞增殖、昆虫肠道愈合的分子线索的相关数据，以及增强愈合作为对 Bt 毒素产生抗性的潜在机制的意义。
