Lundahl Leslie H, Greenwald Mark K
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine,Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine,Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Sep 1;166:143-9. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.07.004. Epub 2016 Jul 18.
Evaluate magnitude and duration of subjective and physiologic responses to neutral and marijuana (MJ)-related cues in cannabis dependent volunteers.
33 volunteers (17 male) who met DSM-IV criteria for Cannabis Abuse or Dependence were exposed to neutral (first) then MJ-related visual, auditory, olfactory and tactile cues. Mood, drug craving and physiology were assessed at baseline, post-neutral, post-MJ and 15-min post MJ cue exposure to determine magnitude of cue- responses. For a subset of participants (n=15; 9 male), measures of craving and physiology were collected also at 30-, 90-, and 150-min post-MJ cue to examine duration of cue-effects.
In cue-response magnitude analyses, visual analog scale (VAS) items craving for, urge to use, and desire to smoke MJ, Total and Compulsivity subscale scores of the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire, anxiety ratings, and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were significantly elevated following MJ vs. neutral cue exposure. In cue-response duration analyses, desire and urge to use MJ remained significantly elevated at 30-, 90- and 150-min post MJ-cue exposure, relative to baseline and neutral cues.
Presentation of polysensory MJ cues increased MJ craving, anxiety and diastolic BP relative to baseline and neutral cues. MJ craving remained elevated up to 150-min after MJ cue presentation. This finding confirms that carry-over effects from drug cue presentation must be considered in cue reactivity studies.
评估大麻依赖志愿者对中性和大麻（MJ）相关线索的主观及生理反应的程度和持续时间。
33名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）大麻滥用或依赖标准的志愿者（17名男性）先接触中性线索（第一次），然后接触与MJ相关的视觉、听觉、嗅觉和触觉线索。在基线、接触中性线索后、接触MJ后以及接触MJ线索15分钟后评估情绪、药物渴望和生理指标，以确定线索反应的程度。对于一部分参与者（n = 15；9名男性），还在接触MJ线索后30分钟、90分钟和150分钟收集渴望和生理指标，以检查线索效应的持续时间。
在线索反应程度分析中，与接触中性线索相比，接触MJ线索后，视觉模拟量表（VAS）中对MJ的渴望、使用冲动和吸烟欲望、大麻渴望问卷的总分和强迫性子量表得分、焦虑评分以及舒张压（BP）显著升高。在线索反应持续时间分析中，与基线和中性线索相比，接触MJ线索后30分钟、90分钟和150分钟，对MJ的欲望和使用冲动仍显著升高。
与基线和中性线索相比，多感官MJ线索的呈现增加了对MJ的渴望、焦虑和舒张压。MJ线索呈现后，对MJ的渴望在150分钟内一直升高。这一发现证实，在线索反应性研究中必须考虑药物线索呈现的遗留效应。
