Meyer Zachary, Ricci William M
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
J Orthop Trauma. 2016 Aug;30 Suppl 2:S30-1. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000604.
Patellar and quadriceps tendon ruptures are relatively common injuries. Rupture of the knee extensor mechanism may occur because of a forceful eccentric contraction of the quadriceps against a resisted flexed knee, though atraumatic cases have also been described. Patients at higher than normal risk for knee extensor mechanism rupture include those with systemic co-morbidities, fluoroquinolone use, and chronic tendinopathy. Early operative treatment and mobilization of acute extensor mechanism ruptures has proven effective, and numerous techniques have been described. A 46-year-old male on anastrozole therapy simultaneously ruptured his left patellar and right quadriceps tendons during a deadlift attempt. Diagnosis was by history and physical examination. Repair of both injuries was performed 5 days after injury. Described within and shown in the accompanying video is a standard technique for primary repair using Krackow stitches through the ruptured tendon that are passed through patellar bone tunnels and tied over a bone bridge. The finer points of this technique are emphasized. Also included is a technique to augment the standard repair with a figure-of-8 stitch passed through additional oblique patellar bone tunnels. The mechanical advantage of the adjuvant figure-of-8 stitch provides additional compression, which nicely reapproximates the tendon edges.
髌腱和股四头肌肌腱断裂是相对常见的损伤。膝关节伸肌机制的断裂可能是由于股四头肌在抵抗屈膝时强力离心收缩所致,不过也有非创伤性病例的报道。膝关节伸肌机制断裂风险高于正常的患者包括患有全身性合并症、使用氟喹诺酮类药物以及患有慢性肌腱病的患者。急性伸肌机制断裂的早期手术治疗和活动已被证明是有效的,并且已经描述了多种技术。一名46岁接受阿那曲唑治疗的男性在尝试硬拉时同时发生了左髌腱和右股四头肌肌腱断裂。通过病史和体格检查进行诊断。受伤5天后对两处损伤进行了修复。本文描述并在随附视频中展示了一种标准的一期修复技术,即使用Krackow缝线穿过断裂的肌腱,再穿过髌骨骨隧道并在骨桥上打结。强调了该技术的要点。还包括一种通过额外的斜向髌骨骨隧道穿入8字缝合法来加强标准修复的技术。辅助8字缝合法的力学优势提供了额外的压迫,能很好地使肌腱边缘重新对合。