García-Soidán F J, Villoro R, Merino M, Hidalgo-Vega Á, Hernando-Martín T, González-Martín-Moro B
Centro de Salud de Porriño, Pontevedra, España.
Departamento de Economía de la Salud, Weber Economía y Salud, Madrid, España.
Semergen. 2017 Sep;43(6):416-424. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2016.06.004. Epub 2016 Jul 18.
This study analyses the health status of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM), their health related quality of life (HRQoL) and their use of healthcare resources in Spain.
A descriptive analysis was conducted using the Spanish Health National Survey (ENSE, 2012), gathering data on those patients aged 15 and over diagnosed with DM. Their health status, their HRQoL, and their use of healthcare resources were systematically compared with those of patients diagnosed with other chronic conditions (OCC), as well as a population without DM (non-DM).
Out of 21,007 subjects that took part, 7.4% were diagnosed with DM and 59% with OCC conditions (mean age 65.6±14.2 years with DM, 51.3±18.1 years with OCC, and 45.7±18.2 years with non-DM). When compared to non-DM and OCC, DM was statistically significantly associated with higher frequencies of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, obesity, myocardial infraction, hospital admissions in the last year, and drug consumption, but with a lower number of visits to secondary healthcare. The mean quality adjusted life years (QALY) of patients with DM was 0.75 per year, significantly lower (P<.05) to that of individuals with OCC (0.89), and those without DM (0.92). The difference vs. non-DM remained statistically significant after adjusting for age, gender, and number of comorbidities (P<.001).
In Spain, DM is associated with a high comorbidity, involves a greater loss in HRQoL than those diagnosed with other chronic conditions as a whole, and generates a significant burden on the healthcare system.
本研究分析了西班牙糖尿病（DM）患者的健康状况、健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）及其对医疗资源的利用情况。
使用西班牙全国健康调查（ENSE，2012年）进行描述性分析，收集15岁及以上确诊为DM患者的数据。将他们的健康状况、HRQoL和医疗资源利用情况与诊断为其他慢性病（OCC）的患者以及无DM的人群（非DM）进行系统比较。
在参与的21,007名受试者中，7.4%被诊断为DM，59%被诊断为OCC疾病（DM患者平均年龄65.6±14.2岁，OCC患者平均年龄51.3±18.1岁，非DM患者平均年龄45.7±18.2岁）。与非DM和OCC相比，DM在统计学上与高血压、高胆固醇血症、肥胖、心肌梗死、去年住院次数和药物消费的较高频率显著相关，但二级医疗就诊次数较少。DM患者的平均质量调整生命年（QALY）为每年0.75，显著低于OCC患者（0.89）和非DM患者（0.92）（P<0.05）。在调整年龄、性别和合并症数量后，与非DM的差异仍具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。
在西班牙，DM与高合并症相关，总体上比诊断为其他慢性病的患者在HRQoL方面损失更大，并给医疗系统带来重大负担。
