Kosonogov Vladimir, Sanchez-Navarro Juan Pedro, Martinez-Selva Jose Maria, Torrente Ginesa, Carrillo-Verdejo Eduvigis
Spospeshestvovanie, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Scand J Psychol. 2016 Oct;57(5):393-8. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12311. Epub 2016 Jul 22.
Emotional reactions are crucial in survival because they provide approach and withdrawal behaviors. However, an unsolved question is whether the social content of the affective stimuli has a specific effect on emotional responses. We studied whether the social content of affective pictures influenced the defensive response and response mobilization. For this purpose, we recorded startle blink reflex (a defensive response) and skin conductance responses (a measure of unspecific physiological reactivity or arousal) in 73 participants while they viewed a series of 81 pictures of varying affective valence and social content. Our results revealed that defense response, as indicated by increases in the magnitude of the startle blink reflex, was mainly dependent on threatening or unpleasant cues, but was unrelated to the social content of the pictures. The social content, however, had an influence on pleasant stimuli, provoking an increase in resource mobilization, as reflected by changes in electrodermal activity. Hence, the social content of the affective stimuli may increase the physiological arousal elicited by pleasant stimuli, and it appears to be unrelated to the defense reactivity provoked by unpleasant stimuli.
情绪反应对生存至关重要，因为它们提供了趋近和回避行为。然而，一个尚未解决的问题是，情感刺激的社会内容是否对情绪反应有特定影响。我们研究了情感图片的社会内容是否会影响防御反应和反应动员。为此，我们记录了73名参与者在观看一系列81张具有不同情感效价和社会内容的图片时的惊跳眨眼反射（一种防御反应）和皮肤电反应（一种非特异性生理反应或唤醒的指标）。我们的结果显示，惊跳眨眼反射幅度的增加所表明的防御反应主要取决于威胁性或不愉快的线索，但与图片的社会内容无关。然而，社会内容对愉快刺激有影响，会引发资源动员的增加，这通过皮肤电活动的变化得以体现。因此，情感刺激的社会内容可能会增加愉快刺激引发的生理唤醒，并且似乎与不愉快刺激引发的防御反应性无关。
