1 Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
J Appl Gerontol. 2018 Jul;37(7):856-880. doi: 10.1177/0733464816657474. Epub 2016 Jul 22.
This article examines whether adverse changes to health or functioning serve as an impetus to begin using preventive services among older individuals with a history of non-use. Using data from the 1998-2008 Health and Retirement Study, the use of mammograms, pap smears, prostate cancer screenings, cholesterol checks, and flu shots is examined among 2,975 self-reported non-users of such services. Older women who experience a health shock are 1.86, 1.50, 1.79, and 1.46 times more likely to begin getting mammograms, pap smears, cholesterol checks, and flu shots, respectively. Older men who experience a health shock are 2.24, 2.72, and 1.64 times more likely to begin getting prostate cancer screenings, cholesterol checks, and flu shots, respectively. All of these results are statistically significant. Thus, older adults often improve their health behaviors after experiencing an adverse health event.
本文考察了健康或功能的不利变化是否会促使有既往非使用者史的老年人开始使用预防服务。利用 1998 年至 2008 年健康与退休研究的数据，检查了 2975 名自我报告的此类服务非使用者中乳房 X 光检查、巴氏涂片检查、前列腺癌筛查、胆固醇检查和流感疫苗接种的使用情况。经历健康冲击的老年女性开始接受乳房 X 光检查、巴氏涂片检查、胆固醇检查和流感疫苗接种的可能性分别高出 1.86 倍、1.50 倍、1.79 倍和 1.46 倍。经历健康冲击的老年男性开始接受前列腺癌筛查、胆固醇检查和流感疫苗接种的可能性分别高出 2.24 倍、2.72 倍和 1.64 倍。所有这些结果均具有统计学意义。因此，老年人在经历不良健康事件后往往会改善他们的健康行为。
