Chartrand Hayley, Kim Huntae, Sareen Jitender, Mahmoudi Minoo, Bolton James M
Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Affect Disord. 2016 Nov 15;205:200-206. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.009. Epub 2016 Jul 5.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in DSM-5 Section 3 is restricted to damaging the skin, while self-poisoning is not considered NSSI even if there was no suicidal intent. The objective of this study was to compare correlates of people who self-cut and those who self-poison without suicidal intent, to determine whether people who harm themselves by cutting are a distinct subgroup.
There were 12,435 presentations to adult psychiatric services in the emergency departments of tertiary care hospitals in Manitoba between January 2009 and December 2013. Chart reviews were conducted for all presentations with self-harm without suicidal intent (n=219; 1.8% of the total sample). People presenting with cutting (n=47) were compared to those presenting with self-poisoning (n=116).
There were no differences between the groups on most demographic measures, except for age, where the people who cut were younger. Mental disorders were common in both groups. 31.9% of the cutting group had an alcohol use disorder, as did 25% of the self-poisoning group. Cluster B personality traits/disorder was diagnosed more frequently in the cutting group (51.1%) than the self-poisoning group (37.9%), but this difference was non-significant. Previous non-suicidal self-harm was more common among people cutting.
We were unable to draw conclusions about the risk of suicide.
People who engage in non-suicidal self-harm have high rates of mental disorders. The method that people use to harm themselves does not appear to distinguish these groups; they appear to be similar on most demographic and diagnostic correlates. Further study is required to determine the validity of NSSI, including studies that compare those who self-harm with and without suicidal intent.
《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版第3节中的非自杀性自我伤害（NSSI）仅限于对皮肤造成损伤，而自我中毒即使没有自杀意图也不被视为NSSI。本研究的目的是比较无自杀意图的自我切割者和自我中毒者的相关因素，以确定通过切割伤害自己的人是否为一个独特的亚组。
2009年1月至2013年12月期间，在曼尼托巴省三级护理医院急诊科接受成人精神科服务的患者有12435例。对所有无自杀意图的自我伤害病例（n = 219；占总样本的1.8%）进行病历审查。将自我切割者（n = 47）与自我中毒者（n = 116）进行比较。
除年龄外，两组在大多数人口统计学指标上没有差异，自我切割者年龄更小。两组中精神障碍都很常见。自我切割组中31.9%的人有酒精使用障碍，自我中毒组中这一比例为25%。B类人格特质/障碍在自我切割组（51.1%）中的诊断频率高于自我中毒组（37.9%），但这种差异不显著。既往非自杀性自我伤害在自我切割者中更为常见。
我们无法得出关于自杀风险的结论。
进行非自杀性自我伤害的人精神障碍发生率很高。人们用于伤害自己的方式似乎并不能区分这些群体；在大多数人口统计学和诊断相关因素方面，他们似乎相似。需要进一步研究以确定NSSI的有效性，包括比较有和无自杀意图的自我伤害者的研究。
