Bucher P O, Mathis A, Arnold W
Klinik für HNO-Krankheiten, Hals- und Gesichtschirurgie, Kantonsspital Luzern.
HNO. 1989 Jun;37(6):250-4.
Nowadays the cochlear implant (CI) offers a new method of hearing, especially for deaf patients who do not benefit from conventional hearing aids. However, it may be difficult to get used to this kind of hearing advice. CI users have special problems in interpreting strange acoustic sensations and relating them to auditory features of language and noise they knew before the onset of deafness. An interdisciplinary approach is very important for rehabilitation. Beside otological examination and the surgical implantation, audiological assessment is needed for the correct adjustment of the speech processor and for measurement of performance. Also auditory management and counselling of deaf patients is an important part of CI rehabilitation. A learning programme in hearing and communicating ("hearing training") is offered to CI users that takes account of different linguistic levels. Auditory learning by the use of CI is based on different abilities of the deaf patient, of which the most important are speech skills and learning capacity. Although success rates vary, it certainly improves speech intelligibility during lip reading, communication behaviour, and recognition of environmental noise. The latter ability improves orientation in the acoustic surroundings. CI rehabilitation may improve the psychosocial attitude of the deaf.
如今，人工耳蜗为听力提供了一种新方法，尤其适用于那些无法从传统助听器中受益的失聪患者。然而，适应这种听力辅助装置可能会有困难。人工耳蜗使用者在解读陌生的听觉感受并将其与失聪前熟知的语言和噪音的听觉特征联系起来时会遇到特殊问题。跨学科方法对康复非常重要。除了耳科检查和手术植入外，还需要进行听力评估，以便正确调整言语处理器并测量其性能。对失聪患者的听觉管理和咨询也是人工耳蜗康复的重要组成部分。针对人工耳蜗使用者提供了一个考虑到不同语言水平的听力与交流学习计划（“听力训练”）。通过使用人工耳蜗进行的听觉学习基于失聪患者的不同能力，其中最重要的是言语技能和学习能力。尽管成功率各不相同，但它肯定能提高唇读时的言语清晰度、交流行为以及对环境噪音的识别能力。后一种能力可改善在声学环境中的定向能力。人工耳蜗康复可能会改善失聪患者的心理社会态度。
